Causes of the Civil War Summary Slides.

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Presentation transcript:

Causes of the Civil War Summary Slides

Compromise of 1850 -Wilmot Proviso tried to block slavery in old Mexican areas but is defeated in Congress -California applies for statehood debate begins and Clay organizes compromise -California admitted as free state -South gets stronger Fugitive law -Popular Sovereignty to help decide future cases of slavery

Fugitive Slave Law -allowed slave catchers to go into free areas and capture runaway slaves -made it a crime to help any runaway -suspected slaves need not be given a trial or a chance to testify

Uncle Tom’s Cabin -Harriet Beecher Stowe -depicted evil side of slavery to the public “Uncle Tom” “Simon Legree” -1852, sold over a million copies

Kansas-Nebraska Act -1854--popular sovereignty passed as law in 1850 compromise to determine slavery -rush to populate state with “voters” for each side -”bleeding Kansas” slavery and abolitionist forces resort to violence -A fight in the U.S. Senate Preston Brooks v.Charles Sumner

Dred Scott v. Sanford -Scott is a slave -he is taken into free states -sues for freedom based on NW Ordinance and Missouri Compromise -Supreme Court (majority of southern justices) rules: Blacks are not citizens Can’t ban slavery Missouri Comp. is illegal

Development of Republican Party -Slavery had come to dominate the differences in the parties -by 1850 the differences had peaked so that anti-slavery Whigs, Democrats, and Free-Soilers formed a new anti-slavery party -official party policy was to oppose the growth of slavery where it did not exist.

Lincoln-Douglas Debates -Senate race in 1858 Stephen Douglas (Dem), Abraham Lincoln (Rep.) -debate over slavery issues neither man wanted slavery in the area, but how to do it? -Douglas issues Freeport Doctrine Slavery needs certain laws in order to exist. Don’t pass those laws and there will be no slavery -Douglas wins the election, Lincoln gains national fame

Lincoln-Douglas Debates -Senate race in 1858 Stephen Douglas (Dem), Abraham Lincoln (Rep.) -debate over slavery issues neither man wanted slavery in the area, but how to do it? -Douglas issues Freeport Doctrine Slavery needs certain laws in order to exist. Don’t pass those laws and there will be no slavery -Douglas wins the election, Lincoln gains national fame

John Brown’s Raid -John Brown was an extreme abolitionist -captured Harper’s Ferry military installation in Virginia with intent to arm slaves -surrounded and forced to surrender -Brown found guilty at trial and then hanged--becomes a martyr for many abolitionists -Many Southerners thought Brown represented northerners who wanted to control the southern lifestyle and economy

Southern Secession -1860 election -slavery divided the parties -Lincoln pledges to stop spread of slavery but not to interfere with the south Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral votes -Southern states secede in fear of gov’t where they have no voice -S.C. first to secede, 6 others follow -Confederate States of America formed before Lincoln takes office -Jefferson Davis elected Confederate President -

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