Limits of Progressivism

I. Black America 1900 9/10 of African-Americans lived in the south among Jim Crow laws. Denied legal and voting rights officially segregated in almost all walks of life. 1880’s blacks migrated north yet still faced discrimination in schools, jobs, and housing

II. Controversy Among African-Americans Booker T. Washington (Atlanta Compromise) and Self-Help Founded the Tuskegee Institute Atlanta Compromise – work hard, acquire property, and prove worthy of respect

W.E.B. DuBois and the Niagra Movement First black to receive a Ph.D Urged Blacks to assert themselves and agitate for political and economic rights

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Formed by DuBois and other blacks from Niagra Movement Called for more vigorous activism, legal challenges to achieve political equality for blacks and full integration into American life

III. Women’s Movement Progressivism re-stirred the women’s movement Progressive feminists called for greater reform Harriot Stanton Blatch Pushed for suffrage Improve working conditions Carrie Chapman Cat (national American woman suffrage association) Lobby legislators, pass out literature, organize rallies to heighten public awareness state by state 19th Amendment – granted women the right to vote