Sinkholes Read the information about sinkholes and answer the question below. Sinkholes are common where the rock below the land surface is made up of rocks that can naturally be dissolved by groundwater. As the rock dissolves, caverns develop underground. Sinkholes are dramatic because the land usually stays intact for a while until the underground spaces just get too big. If there is not enough support for the land above the spaces then a sudden collapse of the land surface can occur. How might the development of sinkholes be similar to the causes of a war?

Warm-up: Do Now: What were three major reasons that the United States declared war on Great Britain in 1812? The U.S. declared war on Great Britain because of their: - impressment of U.S. sailors. - violation of U.S. sea rights. - support of Native Americans.

Sinkholes

Democratic-Republican JAMES MADISON 1809-1817 Democratic-Republican 4th “MR. MADISON’S WAR”

Democratic-Republican James Madison 4th U.S. President Democratic-Republican 1809-1817 Background Father of the U.S. Constitution Wrote the Bill of Rights In the Virginia Legislature and Congress Virginia planter and scholar

Election of 1808 James Madison, a Democratic-Republican, won. In the Spring of 1812, Madison decided to go to war against Britain.

How did the U.S. SINK into the War of 1812?? Shipping Problems Impressment Native American Conflict War HawKs

Objective: To examine the major events leading up to the War of 1812. Do Now: How was the U.S. able to profit from the war between England and France? U.S. merchants profited by selling goods to both the British and the French. Announcement of the expulsion of United States citizens from Quebec City, Canada, 1812.

S hipping problems

American merchant Great Britain France I hate you, French dude! Je vous hais plus! You boys can keep on killing each other. If either of y’all need anything, just give us Yankees a holler! France

Causes of the War of 1812 Great Britain • In 1803, Britain and France went to war again. • Both countries seized U.S. ships sailing towards the ports of their enemy. France

One cause of the War of 1812 was the British disregard of American shipping rights. British ships frequently stopped American ships, confiscated their cargo, and impressed (captured) crew members, claiming they were deserters from Britain’s Royal Navy.

President Thomas Jefferson I know what to do! If we don’t allow American ships to trade with anyone, then we can’t get attacked! Mr. President, the British and French keep seizing American merchant ships. Something must be done! True, but that’s not what I had in mind! President Thomas Jefferson American merchant

Non-Intercourse Act (1809) Embargo Act (1807) • The Embargo Act banned U.S. ships from trading with any country. All imports and exports were banned! • This hurt the U.S. economy! Non-Intercourse Act (1809) • Trade with all nations was allowed, except for Britain or France.

Once whitened the ocean Our ships, all in motion Once whitened the ocean They sailed and returned with a cargo, Now doomed to decay They have fallen aprey To Jefferson, Worms, and Embargo

What does the turtle represent? The Embargo Act of 1813 is personified by a huge terrapin, who seizes a smuggler by the pants. The cartoon was aimed at the people of New England, who, allegedly, were supplying the British with provisions. What does the turtle represent?

When a ban on trading occurs, how does it affect citizens? DISCUSSION QUESTIONS When a ban on trading occurs, how does it affect citizens?

I mpressment

• Britain continued its impressment of U.S. sailors. Between 1808 and 1811 over 6,000 Americans were impressed by the British.

N ative American Conflict

The Prophet and Tecumseh Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet” Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet”, believed that in order to survive, Native Americans had to give up white ways of life. British agents began arming the Prophet’s followers to slow the U.S.’s movement west. Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet”

The Prophet and Tecumseh Tecumseh unified many tribes behind the message of the Prophet, who was his older brother. Click on pic For BrainPop Chief Tecumseh of the Shawnee tribe Review Treaty of Greenville pg. 246-47.

In 1808, the Prophet built a village for his followers in Tippecanoe, Indiana.

Showdown at Tippecanoe In 1811, fearful of the growing strength of the Prophet and Tecumseh, Governor William Henry Harrison led 1,000 troops against them in the Battle of Tippecanoe. William Henry Harrison, Territorial Governor of Indiana

The battle was viewed by Americans as a major victory, even though it was unclear which side actually won.

Why were the Native Americans such a threat to the U.S.? DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Why were the Native Americans such a threat to the U.S.?

K War Haw s

War Hawks War Hawks – members of Congress, led by Henry Clay of Kentucky, that wanted to declare war on Great Britain 34 year old Henry Clay, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives and War Hawk leader.

War Hawk’s Rationale for War I. Nationalism – pride or devotion to one’s country Many Americans felt that Great Britain still treated the United States like a British colony. II. Revenge War Hawk’s wanted revenge on Britain for seizing American ships.

War Hawk’s Rationale for War III. Territorial Expansion Henry Clay wanted an excuse to conquer Canada from Great Britain and Florida from Spain. IV. Native American Attacks War Hawks felt that Great Britain was arming Native Americans on the frontier and encouraging them to attack Americans.

Congress declared war in June 1812. UNITED STATES BRITAIN vs. Round 2

Was the U.S. justified in declaring war? Why or why not? DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Was the U.S. justified in declaring war? Why or why not?