LCLS History and Science Overview Keith Hodgson, SSRL Director April 23, 2002 LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

From Storage Rings to Linacs HEP SR Storage rings Single pass linacs Free electron lasers (FELs) Energy recovery linacs (ERLs) Single pass linear colliders LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS Properties Enable Unique New Science Peak Brightness Average Brightness LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS History and Project Evolution – 1992 - 1999 February, 1992 – Workshop Proposal for a h ~ 10keV FEL Based on the SLAC Linac by C. Pellegrini, UCLA February, 1992 – LCLS Technical Design Group formed by H. Winick August, 1996 – The LCLS Design Study Group, under the leadership of Max Cornacchia, begins work on the first LCLS Design Report December 1998 – The first edition of the LCLS Design Study Report is published LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

Scientific and Programmatic Recommendations 1994, National Research Council Study “Free Electron Lasers and Other Advanced Sources of Light, Scientific Research Opportunities” concluded that FELs were not competitive with conventional lasers for scientific applications except in the X-ray region. 1997, Birgeneau-Shen BESAC Subpanel Report “DOE Synchrotron Radiation Sources and Science” recommended funding an R&D program in next-generation light sources and convening another BESAC panel to focus on this topic. 1999, Leone BESAC Subpanel Report “Novel, Coherent Light Sources” concluded: “Given currently available knowledge and limited funding resources, the hard X-ray region (8-20 keV or higher) is identified as the most exciting potential area for innovative science. DOE should pursue the development of coherent light source technology in the hard X-ray region as a priority. This technology will most likely take the form of a linac-based free electron laser using self-amplified stimulated emission or some form of seeded stimulated emission…” LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS Program – the R&D Phase The LCLS R&D effort, led by J.M. Paterson, receives BESAC support (at the level of ~ $1.4 -1.5M/year,1999-2002) Collaborating Laboratories (SLAC/SSRL, ANL/APS, LLNL, BNL/NSLS, LANL, and UCLA) responsible for R&D effort addressing issues on key areas including: Undulator Prototype Gun Development SASE Physics and Simulations LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS History and Project Evolution – Recent Events April, 2001 John Galayda joins SSRL/SLAC as Project Director June, 2001 CD0 (Statement of Mission Need) Approved by DOE January, 2002 DOE Guidance on Scope and Schedule February, 2002 President’s FY2003 Budget Includes LCLS PED Funding February, 2002 LCLS Science Advisory Committee Meets and Formulates Strategy for Framework of Experimental Program Development April, 2002 DOE Lehman Project Review (4/23-25) LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS Properties Enable Unique New Science Peak brightness exceeds existing X-ray sources by > 109 Time resolution exceeds 3rd gen. synchrotron sources by a factor 103 Coherence: degeneracy parameter exceeds present sources > 109 ~50 ps  230 fs coherence volume 1 x 5 x 50 mm coherence volume 0.1 x 100 x 100 mm 3rd gen. beam line LCLS source contains 109 photons contains 1 photon LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS Properties Enable Unique New Science Flux density can be varied by focussing: factor 106 X-ray absorption can be varied by tuning energy: factor 10 - 102 X-ray absorption depends on atomic number: factor 105 LCLS Beam can Probe or Manipulate Matter 0.1 x 0.1 mm 100 x 100 mm LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS Science Program – Opportunities for Discovery Femtochemistry Dan Imre, BNL Nanoscale Dynamics in Brian Stephenson, Condensed matter APS Atomic Physics Phil Bucksbaum, Univ. of Michigan Plasma and Warm Dense Richard Lee, LLNL Matter Structural Studies on Single Janos Hajdu, Particles and Biomolecules Uppsala Univ. Program developed by international team of ~45 scientists working with accelerator and laser physics communities X-ray Laser Physics LCLS Team LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

LCLS Science Program – Strategy for Development LCLS SAC is being reformulated as external advisory and oversight committee to consider proposals for LCLS instruments and science – being chaired by Prof. R. Falcone of UC Berkeley At last meeting of current SAC (2/8/02), SAC strongly endorsed principle of open, peer-reviewed access and competition based on science for decision making and operation in a general user (not a PRT or CAT) model where SSRL coordinates activity (peer review) and technical management/general operation for scientific teams – developed a framework for moving forward PED Construction FY02 03 04 05 06 07 O N D J F M A S Planning Workshop Funding for instruments DOE accepts proposals for instruments Call for LOI and R&D plans Review proposals and approve submissions LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL

Summary The LCLS will be a source of unprecedented brightness and coherence, delivered in sub-picosecond X-ray pulses It is the most rapid and cost effective path to a 4th generation X-ray synchrotron light facility It is based on technology and know-how available at the collaborating institutions and takes advantage of the availability of the SLAC Linac Builds on activities of DOE laboratories and universities in synchrotron R&D and in laser physics and accelerator science R&D activities coordinate well with efforts in Europe and plans for future XFEL facility at DESY Will be an extraordinary new scientific tool continuing the DOE tradition of providing outstanding facilities to the research community We look forward to the Committee’s careful review of the technical design, project management, schedule and cost for the LCLS project LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Keith Hodgson, SSRL