Evidence “It’s not that I think a fact-finding committee is necessarily a bad idea. I’m really just not that interested in facts.” – WSJ Cartoon 2/25/2019.

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Presentation transcript:

Evidence “It’s not that I think a fact-finding committee is necessarily a bad idea. I’m really just not that interested in facts.” – WSJ Cartoon 2/25/2019 Phillip G. Clampitt, Ph.D.

1. Types of evidence Specific instances Statistics Testimony Illustrations Imaginary dialogue Comparison and contrast Definitions Repetition and restatement Cartoons 2/25/2019 Phillip G. Clampitt, Ph.D.

2. Evaluating Evidence Evaluating Specific Evidence Are the instances representative? Are there enough instances? Evaluating Stats Have the stats been collected accurately? Does the sample conform to social-scientific principles? Have terms been clearly defined? Are you comparing apples to apples? Are the data statistically significant? Is the visual presentation of the data accurate? 2/25/2019 Phillip G. Clampitt, Ph.D.

Evaluating evidence (cont’d) Evaluating Expert Testimony Does the person have the necessary formal training? Is the person an expert in the subject under investigation? Is reference to the expert vague? Is the expert highly regarded in the field? Is the testimony relevant to the situation? Was the expert aware of the significance of the remarks? Evaluating Lay Testimony Did the person have an opportunity to observe closely and carefully? Was the person physically capable of making the observation? Did the conditions impede accurate observation? Does the observer bring preconceived expectations? Is the person biased? Is the person of good moral character? Are there any other factors that might adversely influence the observer? 2/25/2019 Phillip G. Clampitt, Ph.D.

3. General Principles of Strong Evidence Recency Clarity Accuracy Sufficiency Representativeness Relevancy Internal Consistency External Consistency Cumulativeness 2/25/2019 Phillip G. Clampitt, Ph.D.