B. Huttner, S. Harbarth, D. Nathwani 

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Success stories of implementation of antimicrobial stewardship: a narrative review  B. Huttner, S. Harbarth, D. Nathwani  Clinical Microbiology and Infection  Volume 20, Issue 10, Pages 954-962 (October 2014) DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12803 Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. 1 Global success stories of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) mentioned in this review. CDI, Clostridium difficile infection; DDD, defined daily doses; DID, defined daily doses/1000 inhabitants per day; Strama, Swedish Strategic Programme Against Antibiotic Resistance. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2014 20, 954-962DOI: (10.1111/1469-0691.12803) Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. 2 Gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury following the change in surgical prophylaxis antibiotics as part of a national stewardship programme in Scotland. (a) Increase in the percentage of acute kidney injury (adjusted) stages 1, 2 and 3 for each month (excluding neck of femur fractures) following the policy change. (b) No increase in the percentage of acute kidney injury stage 1, 2 and 3 for each month in patients with a neck of femur fracture. From [30] with permission. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2014 20, 954-962DOI: (10.1111/1469-0691.12803) Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. 3 Impact on antibiotic consumption following implementation of an an antimicrobial stewardship programme across a group of 54 private hospitals in South Africa (D. van den Bergh, personal communication; with permission of author). DID, defined daily doses/1000 inhabitants per day. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2014 20, 954-962DOI: (10.1111/1469-0691.12803) Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions