Unit 3 American Beginnings
A New Land 25,000 years ago Siberian tribes 16th century expansion of Europe 1492 Columbus’ discovery (Bahama Islands) 1497 John Cabot (Canada) 17th Permanent settlements
Europe in the 16th and 17th century Middle ages(500-1500 AD): Roman Catholic Church Serfdom Emerging forces: 1. development of capitalism--- bourgeois class & working class 2. Renaissance---more confident and more interest in the world 3. Religious Reformation --- Protestant
The Settlement in Virginia 1607 London company Three small ships 144 men --- 100 survivors --- hunt for gold---food shortage --- 38 Tobacco cultivation & marriage
The Settlement in Virginia 1619– influence the shaping of American culture Delegates met as House of Burgesses --- first example of self-government Negroes brought as servants
Puritan New England 1620 Massachusetts Bay English puritans God is incomprehensible to man and is all-knowing People are predestined by God, and some are God’s chosen people Working hard &living a moral life The Bible --- God’s will and individual contact with God
Puritan New England Persecution --- fled to Holland 1620 Mayflower Mayflower Compact --- set up a civil government for the general good of the colony Changes of Puritanism: frontier environment & mobility of population Legacies of Puritans: an ideal community--- sense of mission; cultural heritage--individualism
Catholic Maryland 1632 second Lord Baltimore--- son of George Calvert Captain –general of armed forces, head of church, disposer of all offices Protestants outnumbered Catholics --- 1648 Protestant governor ---1649 Maryland Toleration Act --- freedom of worship to all who believed in Jesus Christ
Quaker Pennsylvania Beliefs: people could communicate directly with God because everyone had an inner light Place of worship: meeting place; anywhere 1681 grant of the king to plant a colony Holy Experiment --- the idea of melting-pot encouraged the spirit of liberty and equality; no restriction on immigration; liberal self-government
The American Revolution By early 1760s 13 English colonies 1689-1815 wars between France and Britain 1756 Seven Years’ War 1763 Peace of Paris Britain’s victory --- charge of new taxes --- Quartering Act (house and feed British soldiers)
The American Revolution 1773 Boston Tea Party September 1774 First Continental Congress April 19, 1775 the first shot May 1775 second Continental Congress-assume functions of a national government July 4, 1776 adoption of Declaration of Independence 1781 end of war 1783 Treaty of Paris