Introducing the Cell Video length 19:13

Main Cell Parts

Contains DNA which has all the information the cell needs to survive (How to make proteins) All the area inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus where processes of life occur (plasma membrane) Kind of a “fluid skin” around the cell through which materials move in and out

Typical Animal Cell

Typical Plant Cell

Unicellular Organisms stentor paramecium

Amoeba Ctyoplasm

A Bacterium Prokaryotic cells like this bacterium have a cell membrane and cytoplasm, but lack a nucleus. Their DNA (blue strands) is not separated from the cytoplasm. They are not as complex as cells that possess a nucleus.

The Cell Membrane Show Laser Disk video of Cell Membrane with Structure and Proteins

Main Parts of a Cell Plasma membrane (cell membrane) ________________ Made of phospholipid bilayers with proteins embedded in the bilayer “Fluid mosaic model” Controls what enters and leaves the cell (nutrients, wastes, products) “_______________” Separates cell from environment (Maintains ) Gatekeeper Homeostasis Membrane “Fluidity” is like “party-goers” elbowing their way through a crowd

Main Parts of a Cell ___________________ Plasma membrane phospholipid Controls Made of _______________ bilayers with _____________ embedded in the bilayer “_____________________” ___________ what enters and leaves the cell (nutrients, wastes, products) “_________________” Separates cell from environment (Maintains ____________________ protein homeostasis Fluid mosaic model Gatekeeper

The plasma membrane is composed of a bilayer of phospholipid molecules with proteins embedded within the bilayer Unsaturated fatty acids make the membrane more fluid because the kinked fatty acid tails do not allow the phosopholipids to pack as closely together to become dense. Show laser disk video and plastic model.

Plasma Membrane

Cytoplasm

cytosol

cytoskeleton Refer to page 84 in text

Cytoskeleton (electron micrograph)

___________ Cytoplasm Cyto = cell Plasma membrane nucleus organelles Located between _________________ and the ___________ Plasma membrane nucleus _____________ organelles _________________ cytosol _______________ cytoskeleton Semifluid material that contains raw materials for metabolism Tiny structures that carry out the essential processes of life Internal structural support and organelle movement Protein tubules, cables, and filaments Examples: obtain energy - mitochondria digest food - lysosomes form proteins - ribosomes eliminate wastes - vacuoles transport materials - ER Intermediate filaments microtubules ________________ microfilaments _____________ ___________ All made of proteins

The Nucleus

(blueprints for all cell ___________) Nucleus ______________ Controls all cell activity Contains ______________ DNA Contains a _________ nucleolus (chromatin or chromosomes) Holds ______________ information (blueprints for all cell ___________) hereditary Forms ___________ (“protein factories”) ribosomes proteins Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein makes up ribosomes

prokaryotic eukaryotic nucleoid bacteria archea pro = before Two Basic Types of Cells eu = true karyote = kernel prokaryotic eukaryotic _________________ _________________ Cells lack a ____________ & membrane-bound __________ nucleus Cells contain a true nucleus & membrane-bound organelles organelles ______ is located in the cytoplasm in a part of the cell called the “_________________” DNA ________ is separated from the cytoplasm by a _____________ DNA Nuclear envelope nucleoid ___________ , ___________ ___________ , & __________ have eukaryotic cells ___________ & ___________ are the only prokaryotic cells bacteria archea plants animals fungi protists

(DNA)

Eukaryotic Cell Structure (Animal)

Eukaryotic Cell Structure (Plant)

Cells Are Like Factories Video length – 1:00

The Characteristics of the Cell Video length-1:22