Acid corrosive substance: a sour-tasting compound that releases hydrogen ions to form a solution with a pH of less than 7, reacts with a base to form a salt, and turns blue litmus red.

Atom The building blocks of matter.   Made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons. smallest part of element: the smallest portion into which an element can be divided and still retain its properties, made up of a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a system of electrons.

Base a base is thought of as a substance which can accept protons or any chemical compound that yields hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. turn red litmus paper blue feel slippery to the touch when in solution, taste bitter

Boiling Point temperature at which liquid boils: the temperature at which a heated liquid turns to gas, e.g. 100 or 212 for water at sea level

suspension of small particles: solution but do not settle out. Colliod suspension of small particles:  a suspension of small particles dispersed in another substance Particles are larger than in a solution but do not settle out.

Combustibility likely to catch fire: able or likely to catch fire and burn reacting with oxygen to produce flame: able to react vigorously with oxygen to produce heat and light, seen as a flame substance that catches fire easily: a substance or material that is able or likely to catch fire and burn

Compound A molecule that has two or more different elements bonded together.   Example: H and O = H2O

Element Two or more atoms are joined together chemically. Elements can be different or the same.   Example: O + O = O2

Anything that has a mass and a Matter Anything that has a mass and a volume.

Heterogeneous Parts do not combine completely or evenly.   Example: sand and water

Solid

The Kinetic Theory of Matter The theory states that All matter is made of tiny constantly moving particles.

matter that determines Temperature A physical property of matter that determines how much heat energy an object can contain.

Liquid

Archimedes's Principal Buoyancy is the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it

Gases

Plasma Is a super heated gas of positive & negative particles When the molecules are traveling so fast, they begin to break apart and electrons become stripped from their atoms. This is called ionization The fastest movement of particles & is the MOST common form in the universe!

Pressure is a force that can influence all states of matter! Is caused by particles colliding with their environment or each other It is measured in units of Pascal (Pa): Equal to 1 newton per square meter  

Takes place below the boiling point of the liquid Evaporation a process in which something is changed from a liquid to a vapor without its temperature reaching boiling point Takes place below the boiling point of the liquid

Melting Solid to Liquid Requires energy to break the physical bonds holding the particles together, this energy is called heat of fusion

Takes place above the boiling point of the liquid Vaporization Liquid to Gas Taking in Energy Takes place above the boiling point of the liquid

Releases energy (heat of vaporization) Condensation Gas to Liquid Releases energy (heat of vaporization) the process by which a vapor loses heat and changes into a liquid

(freezing) Liquid to Solid Releases energy (heat of fusion) Solidification (freezing) Liquid to Solid Releases energy (heat of fusion) the same amount of energy required to change from a solid to a liquid

Solid to Gas or Gas to Solid Sublimation Solid to Gas or Gas to Solid A solid changes directly to a gas without going through the liquid state A gas changes directly to a solid without going through the liquid state

Cohesion is the attraction between the same kind of particles

the attraction between different kinds of particles Adhesion the attraction between different kinds of particles

Example: sugar in water Homogeneous Uniform distribution.   Example: sugar in water

Each keeps its own properties Mixture No Chemical Change Each keeps its own properties Can be separated

Groups of molecules that are mixed in a completely even distribution. Solution Groups of molecules that are mixed in a completely even distribution.   A solute dissolved in a solvent.

The substance to be dissolved. Solute The substance to be dissolved. Example: sugar

Water is a universal one. Solvent The one doing the dissolving.   Water is a universal one.

Suspension Can see the particles with the naked eye and they will settle out over time. Example: Salad dressing