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Gametogenesis uses what method of cellular growth / division

Gametogenesis = formation of sex cells… MEIOSIS

After an egg is fertilized, the embryo grows using what method of cell division / growth

Sex cells are not being formed Mitosis Sex cells are not being formed

How are human egg cells most similar to human sperm cells?

Chromosome Number

What occurs in the 5 steps of cellular division?

Prophase: Nuclear membrane breaks down, chromosomes condense Metaphase: Chromosomes line up Anaphase: Chromosomes are separated and pulled apart Telophase: nuclear membrane reforms, cells elongate and begin to separate Cytokinesis: cell’s cytoplasm pinch off to form two new, individual cells

What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?

Growth and development

How many nucleotides are needed to code for the amino acids Phenylalanine?

3… all AA’s need 3 nucleotides  a CODON!!

What are the three parts to a DNA molecule?

Deoxyribose (5-C sugar) Nitrogenous Base Phosphate Group Deoxyribose (5-C sugar)

The genetic code of a DNA molecule is determined by a specific sequence of ____________.

Nitrogenous Bases!! A, T, G, C

What is the difference between DNA replication and DNA transcription?

Replication is going from DNA to DNA (just copying itself) and Transcription is going from DNA to RNA (using the DNA blueprints to begin making the proteins they code for)

If you have 2,000 nucleotides total and 450 code for A, how many cytosines will you have?

550

Copying DNA coding into RNA sequences to make proteins is known as ________

Transcription

What DNA strand would result in the formation of the following RNA: AUU GCG GGU AAU

RNA: AUU GCG GGU AAU DNA: TAA CGC CCA TTA

How many amino acids does the following sequence code for? 5’ ATCAGCGCTGGC 3’

4 Every three bases

If you break apart a DNA or RNA molecule, what will be the resulting pieces?

Nucleotides

What do the different types of RNA do?

mRNA – messenger – carries copies of DNA rRNA – ribosomal – makes up the ribosomes tRNA – transfer – transfers amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis

What cells would be most vulnerable to passing on a genetic mutation?

Sex Cells

What is the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?

Incomplete – blending together (white and red make pink) Codominance – both show - black cow and white cow make a cow-colored cow

F1-gen will have white fur? If a homozygous recessive white rabbit breeds with a homozygous dominant black rabbit, what percent of the F1-gen will have white fur?

O%

A homozygous recessive white rabbit breeds with a homozygous dominant black rabbit. The heterozygous offspring from the F1 gen are then crossed (performing an F1-cross). What percent of the F2-gen will have white fur?

1/4 25%

How would you study genetic inheritance throughout several generations?

Make a Pedigree!!

If Boy and Girl are not hemophilic and do not show traits for the disorder but have two daughters that both have hemophilia, what is the best explanation??

Both would have to be unknown carriers

What do we call the site of replication during DNA replication

Replication Fork

What part of the cell cycle would take the longest amount of time?

Interphase

What process turns a diploid cell into a haploid cell?

The chromosome number is cut in half Meiosis The chromosome number is cut in half

What pattern of inheritance is human blood type?

Multiple Alleles

Final Jeopardy Make your wager

What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

The 5-C sugars are different RNA is usually single stranded RNA contains uracil instead of thymine DNA is the “original” and protected copy RNA is the messenger or “disposable copy”