Replication life cycle of HIV and sites of antiretroviral drug action.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
HIV and its lifecycle Sources: Wikipedia, HIV is a retrovirus (enveloped viruses possessing an RNA genome,
Advertisements

Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Twelfth Edition© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc Viruses HIV causes AIDS, which.
Max Sanam.  Understand stages in animal virus replication  Compare and contrast the multiplication cycle of DNA and RNA-containing animal viruses 
Viruses Higher Human Biology. Lesson Aims To describe the structure of a virus To examine the process of viral replication.
Treating HIV with Azidothymidine (AZT) A Design by Jeanine Nasser.
Mutations and Genetic Diseases DNAmRNAAAProperties of AAAffect CTCGAGGluHydrophilic/AcidicNormal CTTGAAGluHydrophilic/AcidicNone (Silent) CTAGAUAspHydrophilic/AcidicNone.
THE REPLICATION OF VIRUSES Virology Lecture 2 Three lectures dealing with (1) replication of DNA viruses (2) the culture, growth and recognition of virus.
Viruses, part 2.
Antivirals Slackers Facts by Mike Ori. Disclaimer The information represents my understanding only so errors and omissions are probably rampant. It has.
HIV.
HIV Replication Rachel Carriger Biochemistry Fall 2004.
HIV and AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
Vaccines and Antivirals. Clinical Use of Interferon Therefore they have been used in the treatment of cancers of various types. Therefore they have been.
Lecture 29: Viruses 0.5 m.
HIV and AIDS Retrovirus -> Primate Lentivirus Group.
HIV Structure, Lifecycle, and Replication
Antiviral Drugs: HIV treatment Zach Laucis April 17 th, 2007.
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 17 Nucleic.
The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Anti-HIV Drugs Melissa Morgan Medicinal Chemistry November 23, 2004.
Viruses Where do they fit?. What are Viruses? bacteria and viruses cause many diseases for all kingdoms; however, bacteria are classified as living while.
Branches of Microbiology Bacteriology Virology Mycology Parasitology Immunology Recombinant DNA technology.
HIV and Viruses Lucy Stacey Christella. Viruses  Obligate parasites of living cells  Can’t replicate without living host cell  Due to RNApol, ribosomes,
Plate 36 Retroviruses.
1 AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome A group of illnesses resulting from immune system damage caused by infection with HIV.
Viral Anatomy Envelope Forms from host membrane Forms from host membrane Viral genome includes genes for surface proteins Viral genome includes genes.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Unit 4 Proteins Transcription (DNA to mRNA) Translation (mRNA to tRNA.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display The Steps in HIV Replication Slide number 1 (1) Viral.
What are three different types of viral capsids?.
VIRUSES NONLIVING PARTICLES. Viruses  Smaller than bacteria  Known since late 1800’s but no way to study them  1935 Tobacco mosaic virus was crystallized.
HIV molecular biology BTY328: Virology
Infectious Diseases Unit 4 Lesson 4 plan. Do now What are the two ways a pathogen causes damage?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Viruses. Nonliving particles Very small (1/2 to 1/100 of a bacterial cell) Do not perform respiration, grow, or develop Are able to replicate (only with.
Chapter What is a virus? A virus is nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat Can be DNA or RNA Viruses are considering nonliving because they can’t.
Basics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Brian Rybarczyk, PhD University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill.
Viruses. Learning Objectives  Explain how viruses reproduce.  Explain what happens after a virus infects a cell.
The HIV virus. Objectives At the end of this session the participants will be able to: 1. Understand basic HIV structure 2. Describe the significance.
AIDS/ HIV Majo Alonso y Paola Gómez.  Hiv infections are higher in women than in men  There is no cure for aids  Hiv can be transmited through kissing.
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc Viruses Chapter 21 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis.
Retroviruses - Retroviridae
Two Cycles and A Bit of Review Remember that viruses are not able to reproduce on their own. They rely on a ‘host cell’ for reproduction In the Lytic Cycle.
Basics of HIV Virus Vijay Kandula, MD MPH AAHIVS
19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 1
Virology – replication and genetics JU- 2nd Year Medical Students
Good teaching is more a giving of right questions than a giving of right answers. – Josef Albers Viruses Chapter 19.
S3 Fig Inactivity of inhibitors of reverse transcriptase and integrase
Hepatitis C virus: life cycle in cells, infection and host response, and analysis of molecular markers influencing the outcome of infection and response.
Viruses.
Figure 1 Inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, and criteria for virologic failure. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; ddC, zalcitabine;
AIDS Chien-Ming Li MD, Ph.D.
Animal viruses/other infectious agents.
HIV molecule.
Viruses Chapter 17.
9.11 Viruses That Use Reverse Transcriptase
Agustina Setiawati, M.Sc., Apt
Human Health and Disease
Objectives To understand the general principles involved in RNA replication discussed in Chapter 6 pages To use the following + stranded RNA viruses.
Abnormal Immunity Continued
Viruses.
Hepatitis C virus: life cycle in cells, infection and host response, and analysis of molecular markers influencing the outcome of infection and response.
Viruses.
Viruses.
Chapter 15 Viruses, Viral Life Cycles, Retroviruses.
Drug-resistant human immunodefiency virus
Hepatitis C virus: life cycle in cells, infection and host response, and analysis of molecular markers influencing the outcome of infection and response.
Good teaching is more a giving of right questions than a giving of right answers. – Josef Albers Viruses Chapter 19.
Terminology HIV AIDS Acquired Human Immune Immunodeficiency Deficiency
Simplified overview of the HCV life cycle and sites of direct acting antiviral therapies. Simplified overview of the HCV life cycle and sites of direct.
Presentation transcript:

Replication life cycle of HIV and sites of antiretroviral drug action. Replication life cycle of HIV and sites of antiretroviral drug action. HIV enters the cell by binding to CD4 and other cell surface receptors and then is internalized. This step is inhibited by fusion/entry inhibitors. HIV RNA is released from the nucleocapsid, then reverse transcriptase copies genomic RNA into unintegrated proviral DNA. This process is inhibited by nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). Proviral DNA then is inserted into host cell DNA. An integrase inhibitor is undergoing clinical trials. Host genome with inserted HIV genome is transcribed into RNA, including new proviral RNA that will be packaged in new virions as viral RNA. Other RNA is translated into viral capsid and regulatory proteins. The processing of amino acid sequences involves posttranslational cleaving of polyproteins by a specific viral protease that is inhibited by protease inhibitors (PI). Finally, viral RNA is packaged in new capsid envelopes and released from the cell as newly formed intact and infectious virions. Illustration by Josh Gramling—Gramling Medical Illustration. Jeffrey S. Berns, and Nishaminy Kasbekar CJASN 2006;1:117-129 ©2006 by American Society of Nephrology