Figure 3 Serum phosphate level is associated with

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Figure 3 Serum phosphate level is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population Figure 3 | Serum phosphate level is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population. Hazard ratios for the association of serum phosphate levels after prolonged fasting (parts a,b) and shorter fasting (parts c,d) with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Higher phosphate concentrations after prolonged fasting, but not after shorter fasting, are significantly associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Reprinted from © Chang, A.R. & Grams M.E. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 64, 567–573 (2014), with permission from National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Reprinted from © Chang, A.R. & Grams M.E. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 64, 567–573 (2014), with permission from National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Vervloet, M. G. et al. (2016) The role of phosphate in kidney disease Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2016.164