Effect of puerarin on bone formation R. Wong, Ph.D., B. Rabie, Ph.D.  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  Volume 15, Issue 8, Pages 894-899 (August 2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009 Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Puerarin. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2007 15, 894-899DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Diagram of the dorsal view of the skull of a rabbit, with the anterior region orientated to the right, showing the sites of two surgically created bone defects on the parietal bones and five regions within the defect from which sections were taken for quantitative analyses. From more than 10 sections cut in each region, two sections were selected randomly and measured for area new bone formed, giving a total of 10 sections from each defect. Therefore, the amount of new bone formation was assessed throughout the whole defect. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2007 15, 894-899DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Photomicrograph showing healing of a bony defect grafted with puerarin in collagen matrix on day 14. New bone (N) can be seen spanning the defect. H=Host bone. Some collagen matrix (C) remained at the center of the bony defect (Periodic acid–Schiff stain, original magnification 40×). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2007 15, 894-899DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Photomicrograph of defect grafted with collagen matrix (positive control) in day 14. No bone could be seen across the defect except for a little new bone (N) near the ends of the host bone (H). Collagen matrix (C) remained across the bone defect (Periodic acid–Schiff stain, original magnification 40×). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2007 15, 894-899DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 High power photomicrograph showing the formation of new bone in a bony defect grafted with puerarin in collagen matrix. New bone (N) and osteocytes (O) could be seen growing around the collagen matrix (C). Capillaries (cap) were present. No cartilage was found (Periodic acid–Schiff stain, original magnification 200×). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2007 15, 894-899DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Comparison of areas (mm2) of newly formed bone between defects grafted with collagen matrix (A, 0.41, SD=0.2728), areas of defects grafted with puerarin in collagen matrix (B, 2.68, SD=0.6460). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2007 15, 894-899DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2007.02.009) Copyright © 2007 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions