Perspective and Current Status of Nuclear Power Programme in Nigeria SANUSI ATTAH AND Sandra Ogbonna Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority

Highlights Introduction Objectives Perspective and Current Status of NPPs Responsibilities and Powers of the Regulatory Body National Institutional Framework Regulatory Control Programme Conclusion

Introduction The industrialization programme of any nation is driven by its power sector so that the industrialization process becomes epileptic when the power sector becomes epileptic. This has been the challenge facing Nigeria. The national grid has an installed capacity of 6,000 MW, but only about 4,000 MW is obtainable. while water shortage and irregular supply incapacitate the effective functioning of the nation’s hydroelectric power plants. These factors along with the increasing national energy demand for both domestic and industrial purposes made the nuclear power option attractive to Nigeria and informed the nation’s pursuit of the nuclear power option

Objectives This presentation shows Nigeria’s Nuclear Power Programme current status with emphasis on how far Nigeria has gone, the successes recorded, the problems encountered and the plans to be implemented for the first nuclear power plant to become functional.

Nuclear Power Programme Implementation Committee (NEPIC)

Siting and Site Evaluation Release from Regulatory Control Licensing Steps Life circle of a nuclear installation includes 7 major steps Siting and Site Evaluation Design Construction Commissioning Operation Decommissioning Release from Regulatory Control

Preliminary Site Selection Activities Following site survey and site evaluation exercises embarked upon by the Commission, two sites have been designated for further detailed characterization, investigation, evaluation and recommendation to government. The sites are located in the areas around: Geregu/Ajaokuta Local Government Area of Kogi State in the North Central Zone of the country. Itu Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State in the South-South Zone. In the preliminary site survey and evaluation project, a number of technical, environmental, security, social and economic issues were investigated.

MAP OF NIGERIA SHOWING THE PROPOSED AREA FOR THE INSTALLATION OF NPP.

Correlation of the Elements of Development of the Regulatory Framework with Phases of NPP Development

Perspective and Current Status of Nuclear Power in Nigeria Nigeria has made progress over the years towards its goal by developing the supporting institutions and infrastructure required for its Nuclear Power Programme. Nigeria has since 2009 entered into series of agreements with Russia for development of four NPP estimated to cost $20billion. Two (2) preferred sites have been identified at Geregu (Kogi State) and Ittu (Akwa-Ibom State). The Russian company Rosatom behind the project has assured of possible Russian funding sources. Upon completion in 2035, the plants should produce 4800MWe for Nigeria. Although preparatory works to attain Milestone 2 are being put in place. Nigeria is presently in phase two of the development of the infrastructure for Nuclear Power Programme getting ready to invite bids. The Nuclear roadmap developed by NAEC is expected to drive the National Nuclear Programme.

The Role of the Regulatory Body The Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) is the National Regulator and licensing authority, established by Act 19 of 1995. The Act charged the NNRA with the responsibility for nuclear safety and radiological protection regulation in Nigeria. NNRA became operational in 2001.

ORGANOGRAM NIGERIAN NUCLEAR REGULATORY AUTHORITY BOARD OF GOVERNORS LEGAL UNIT TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE DIRECTOR -GENERAL /CEO INTERNAL AUDIT TQM/SERVICOM UNIT DEPT. OF NUCLEAR SAFETY, PHYSICAL SECURITY & SAFEGUARD INFO. AND PROTOCOL UNIT DEPT. OF RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY DEPT. OF AUTHORIZATION & ENFORCEMENT DEPT. OF ADMIN & FINANCE MEDICAL APPLICATION SAFETY REACTOR SAFETY LICENSING ADMINISTRATION INDUSTRIAL & RESEARCH APPLICATION SAFETY NUCLEAR SECURITY & SAFEGUARD EMERGENCY PLANNING & PREPAREDNESS ENFORCEMENT FINANCE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RADIATION PROTECTION & RESEARCH STORE ICT WASTE SAFETY & PUBLIC EXPOSURE LIBRARY THE NNRA ORGANIZATION ORGANOGRAM NIGERIAN NUCLEAR REGULATORY AUTHORITY ZONAL OFFICES 27 November 2014 PROJECT COORDINATION NEW RRS

Responsibilities of the NNRA Regulating the possession and application of radioactive substances and devices emitting ionizing radiation; ensuring protection of life, health, property and the environment from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, while allowing beneficial practices involving exposure to ionizing radiation performing all necessary functions to enable Nigeria meet its national and international safeguards and safety obligations in the application of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation

Powers of the NNRA Issuing codes of practice which shall be binding on all users of radioactive and prescribed substances, and of sources of ionizing radiation; reviewing and approving safety standards and documentation; License Operators of nuclear research reactors, nuclear power plants etc.

National Institutional Framework for NPP Development

National Institutional Framework National Nuclear Power Roadmap and strategy for its implementation were approved and adopted by the Federal Government for implementation in February 2007. The Nigerian Atomic Energy Commission (NAEC) established through the enactment of Act 46 of 1976 has the institutional mandate for the development and application of Nuclear energy in Nigeria. Five Nuclear energy Research centers operate under the supervision of NAEC involved in manpower training and capacity building.

National Institutional Framework Cont. They include; A 30kw miniature Neutron source Reactor (MNSR) became critical in September 2004 at the centre for Energy Research and Training, CERT, Zaria A state of the Art mechanical and electrical workshop is also fully equipped and operational at the NTC for implementation of the national Nuclear power programme. Sheda, Abuja. Centre for Nuclear Energy Studies, University of Port Harcourt; Centre for Nuclear Energy Research and Training, University of Maiduguri; Centre for Nuclear Energy Research, Federal University of Technology, Owerri

Status of the Regulatory Infrastructure Development The NNRA has reviewed the NS&RP Act 19, 1995 culminating in the production of the Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards Bill (NSSS Bill). The Bill has also been reviewed by the IAEA OLA in June 2017 and will be submitted to the National Assembly in Q4 for passage into law. The Act was modified to adequately equip the regulator to effectively deal with regulation and licensing of Nuclear Power Plants. The NNRA is currently in the process of developing regulations that will govern the operations of the Nuclear Power Programme. A draft regulation on the safety and regulatory requirement for licensing of sites for nuclear power plants has being developed. Review of the Act

Regulatory Control Programme for Nigeria National Policy drafted and concluded Nigerian Regulations on Radioactive Waste Management, 2006; reviewed in 2014 by Stakeholders and IAEA as part of infrastructural activities for NPPs in Nigeria Guidance document on implementing Radioactive Waste Management Regulations has been concluded Nigerian Emergency Regulations is under preparation since 1st Quarter of 2014; The Act requires all Licensees to prepare Emergency Planning and Response program and submit to the NNRA for approval

Regulations and Guidance Cont Draft Nigerian Regulations on the System of Accounting for and Control of Nuclear Material (Safeguards Regulations). Ready for gazetting by Federal Ministry of Justice (FMJ) Draft Nigerian Regulations on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities. Ready for gazetting by the Federal Ministry of Justice (FMJ) Draft Nigerian Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Planning and Response Regulations. Presently undergoing internal review; Draft Regulations on NPPs currently under development: Design and Construction; Commissioning; Operation; Decommissioning; Financial protection and civil liabilities; Integrated Management System

Conclusion The Federal Government of Nigeria has activated a Nuclear Programme and had approved the roadmap for its implementation given its short time from 2006 when NAEC became operational. The Nuclear Regulatory Authority has experience in regulating a low power research reactor and is developing infrastructure for regulating nuclear power Plants in the country. Effective human resources development has been put in place to cater for short-term needs and long-term for the sustainability of the National Nuclear Programmes

THANK YOU