Structures and functions of living organisms: Vocab list 

MICROBE Any organism or near life form that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Examples: bacteria, virus, protist, fungi, etc. Microbe Video

BACTERIA http://worldbookonline.com/student/extmedia?id=ar041420&st=bacteria&em=pc200557 Unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures; a common term used to describe prokaryotes Bacteria Video

VIRUS A particle consisting of DNA encased in a protein coat that must inject its DNA into a living cell in order to reproduce; Scientists consider the virus to be not alive…Virus Video http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/630244/virus

PROTIST A single-celled organism with a nucleus and organelles, including amoebas, euglenas, paramecia, and volvox http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/480085/protist

AMOEBA An animal like protist

EUGLENA http://worldbookonline.com/student/extmedia?id=ar186400&st=euglena&em=lr000845 Unicellular protist that lives in freshwater characterized by a reddish eyespot and a single flagellum

PARAMECIUM An example of a protist

PARASITE An organism that derives nourishment or habitat from the tissues or fluids of another organism. A eukaryotic pathogen can be unicellular or multi-cellular http://worldbookonline.com/student/extmedia?id=ar339940&st=plasmodium&em=pc010846

CAPSID The protein shell that surrounds a virus http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/630244/virus

CAPSULE http://www.britannica.com/bps/media-view/147082/1/0/0 A surface layer on some bacteria that helps them stick to each other and surfaces

CILIA A short, hair-like appendage used by microorganisms for motion. http://worldbookonline.com/studen t/extmedia?id=ar414160&st=par amecium&em=lr000873 A short, hair-like appendage used by microorganisms for motion.

FLAGELLUM http://worldbookonline.com/student/extmedia?id=ar041420&st=bacteria&em=lr000499 A whip-like structure on unicellular organisms that aids with movement

EYESPOT An organelle of the protist euglena that is sensitive to light

PSEUDOPOD http://worldbookonline.com/student/extmedia?id=ar448740&st=pseudopod&em=pc305429 An extension of the cytoplasm used for movement in some organisms; a means of locomotion for an amoeba; means false foot

EUKARYOTE http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/195150/eukaryote Either unicellular or multi-cellular organism that contains membrane-bound organelles and genetic material within the nucleus

PROKARYOTE http://www.britannica.com/bps/media-view/707/1/0/0 A unicellular organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Fungi Eukaryotes that have cell walls, are heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food, and use spores to reproduce.

Hyphae The branching , threading like tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi. Substances move quickly and freely through the hyphae.

Fruiting bodies Lightweight spores that are involved in reproducing fungi. The spores are surrounded by a protective covering and can be carried easily through the air.

Lichen Consists of a fungus and either algae or autotrophic bacteria that live together in a mutualistic relationship.

Infectious disease Diseases that can spread through contact with an infected person, contaminated object, an infected animal or environmental source.

Toxin A poison produced by bacterial pathogens that damages cells.

Antibiotic A chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a persons cells. http://www.twigcarolina.com/films/antibiotics-3687/

Vaccine A substance introduced to the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific viruses, bacteria, or other disease causing organisms. Example: polio vaccine, chicken pox, flu, etc http://www.twigcarolina.com/films/glossary/vaccine-4419/