The Calvin-Benson Cycle

The Fixation of Carbon Dioxide in the Calvin-Benson Cycle is mediated by what enzyme? Rubisco, which stands for… Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

The Sensational Calvin-Benson Cycle #? Means how many? ID? Means identify the molecule.

#? 6 CO2 (from the air) 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi CARBON FIXATION 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ Pi P

6 CO2 (from the air) 6… ID? 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP CARBON FIXATION 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ Pi P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION #? 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ Pi P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION ID? 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ Pi P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ #? Pi P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ 12 ID? Pi P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 ID?

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 #? Phosphorylated glucose Pi P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 ID? 2 Pi Phosphorylated glucose P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP #? 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 2 Pi Phosphorylated glucose P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 10 ID? 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 2 PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde Pi Phosphorylated glucose P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate #? CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 10 PGAL 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 2 PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde Pi Phosphorylated glucose P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate 6 ID? CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 10 PGAL 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 2 Pi Phosphorylated glucose P

6 unstable intermediate CO2 (from the air) 6 unstable intermediate 6 RuBP Ribulose bisphosphate CARBON FIXATION PGA Phosphoglycerate 12 6 ADP 12 ATP 6 ATP 10 PGAL 12 NADPH 4 Pi 12 ADP 12 Pi 12 NADP+ PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde 12 2 PGAL Phosphoglycer- aldehyde Phosphorylated glucose Pi P

C3 plants in hot dry weather

C3 Plants __?__ closed: __?__ can’t get in; __?__ can’t get out Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out __?__ fixes __?__, not carbon, in __?__ cells in leaf Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf #? + #? Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 ID? + 6 ID? Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate ID? + ID? Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate #? CO2 + water Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 6 ID? CO2 + water Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 6 PGAL CO2 + water #? Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 ID? Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate #? 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 PGAL Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 5 ID? 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 PGAL Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf ID? 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 5 PGAL 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 PGAL Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf RuBP 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 5 PGAL 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 PGAL Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

__#__ turns of the cycle, not just __#?__, to C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf RuBP 6 PGA + 6 glycolate 5 PGAL 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 PGAL __#__ turns of the cycle, not just __#?__, to make one 6-carbon sugar Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

Twelve turns of the cycle, not just six, to C3 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Rubisco fixes oxygen, not carbon, in mesophyll cells in leaf RuBP 6 PGA + 6 glycolate Calvin-Benson Cycle 5 PGAL 6 PGAL CO2 + water 1 PGAL Twelve turns of the cycle, not just six, to make one 6-carbon sugar Fig. 7-11a3, p.117

C4 plants in hot dry weather

Carbon fixed in the __. __ cell, __. __ diffuses into adjacent _. _-_ Carbon fixed in the __?__ cell, __?__ diffuses into adjacent _?_-_?_ cell C4 Plants Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell C4 Plants In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to __?__ with release of __?__, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants __?__ closed: _?_ can’t get in; _?_ can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell C4 Plants In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell _?_ cycle C4 Plants In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell _ID?_ C4 cycle C4 Plants In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants _ID?_ In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate ID? In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell ID? oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP (Phosphoenol Pyruvate) oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate ID? In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle __?__ Cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle #? Calvin-Benson Cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 ID? Calvin-Benson Cycle Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle #? Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 12 ID? Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 12 PGAL #? Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 12 PGAL 2 ID? Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 12 PGAL 2 PGAL #? Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 12 PGAL 2 PGAL 1 ID? Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle #? 12 PGAL 2 PGAL 1 sugar Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 10 ID? 12 PGAL 2 PGAL 1 sugar Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 cycle C4 Plants malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle ID? 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 10 PGAL 12 PGAL 2 PGAL 1 sugar Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 Plants C4 cycle malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle RuBP 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 10 PGAL 12 PGAL 2 PGAL 1 sugar Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

C4 Plants Stomata closed: CO2 can’t get in; O2 can’t get out Carbon fixed in the mesophyll cell, malate diffuses into adjacent bundle-sheath cell PEP oxaloacetate C4 Plants C4 cycle malate pyruvate CO2 In bundle-sheath cell, malate gets converted to pyruvate with release of CO2, which enters Calvin-Benson cycle RuBP 12 PGAL Calvin-Benson Cycle 10 PGAL 12 PGAL 2 PGAL 1 sugar Fig. 7-11b3, p.117

CAM plants in hot dry weather (CAM is short for __?__)

CAM plants in hot dry weather (CAM is short for Crassulacean Acid Metabolism)

Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. CAM Plants Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. __?__ CYCLE Fig. 7-11c3, p.117

Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. CAM Plants Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. C4 cycle operates at _?_ when _?_ from _?_ _?_ fixed C4 CYCLE Fig. 7-11c3, p.117

Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. CAM Plants Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. C4 cycle operates at night when CO2 from aerobic respiration fixed C4 CYCLE _?_ Cycle Fig. 7-11c3, p.117

Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. CAM Plants Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. C4 cycle operates at night when CO2 from aerobic respiration fixed C4 CYCLE Calvin-Benson Cycle # & ID ? Fig. 7-11c3, p.117

Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. CAM Plants Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake during night only. C4 cycle operates at night when CO2 from aerobic respiration fixed C4 CYCLE _?_ that accumulated _?_ used in _?_ during _?_ Calvin-Benson Cycle 1 sugar Fig. 7-11c3, p.117

Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake at night only. CAM Plants Stomata stay closed during day, open for CO2 uptake at night only. C4 cycle operates at night when CO2 from aerobic respiration fixed C4 CYCLE CO2 that accumulated overnight used in C3 cycle during the day Calvin-Benson Cycle 1 sugar Fig. 7-11c3, p.117

Now its time to play…

Now its time to play… How many Carbons? Carbon dioxide - 1 PGAL - 3 glycolate - 2 Oxalacetate - 4 RuBP - 5 Malate - 4 PGA - 3 Pyruvate - 3 Phosphorylated Glucose - 6 PEP - 3