Main Tasks Step 1: Warming up Step 2: Some basic information about different types of writing Step 3: Ways to develop argumentative writing Step 4: Practice Step 5: Assignment

Writing Series: II By Gu Minya

Step 1 Describe and Guess G1 G2 G3 G4

Step 2 Description Description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene. A description essay is generally developed through sensory details, or the impressions of one’s sense---sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch.

Step 2 Narration To narrate is to give an account of an event or a series of events. In its broadest sense, narrative swriting includes stories, real orimaginary, biographies, histories, news items, and narrative poems.

Step 2 Narration To narrate is to give an account of an event or a series of events. In its broadest sense, narrative swriting includes stories, real orimaginary, biographies, histories, news items, and narrative poems.

Step 2 Exposition

Step 2 Exposition Exposition is perhaps the type of wirting that is most frequently used by a student, a scientist, or a professional. Exposition means expounding or explaining. An expository paper explains or explores something, such as the process of making a machine, the causes of a natural or social phenomenon, the palnning of a project, or the solution of a problem.

Four Types of Writing Step 2 Description Narration Exposition Argumentation 描写 记叙 说明 讨论 tell describe argue explain

It’s a sporting country The achievements in sports Step 3 Argumentation Is Australia really a sporting nation? Their love of sports It’s a sporting country The good weather The many sports The achievements in sports

supporting information / reasons Step 3 Argumentation Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 lead in & one’s opinion supporting information / reasons conclusion

起 承 合 Part One Part Two Part Three opinion presentation conclusion Should we travel by train?

起 承 合 lead in the topic opinion Part 1 travel by train Should we travel by train? Part 1 lead in the topic travel opinion by train

起 承 合 With the development of … Nowadays more and more people … (By Li Yuyang. Ding Yue.Shen Li) Nowadays more and more people … (By Zhu Yue. Sun Zhijie.Xue Keqian) Nowadays there is a tendency to … (By Xia Yi) Nowadays there is a growing concern over … It’s reported/well known that …

起 承 合 I think … In my opinion … From my point of view … (By over 50%of the students ) In my opinion … (By Zhao Minhong) From my point of view … (By Li Yuyang. Ding Yue.Shen Li) As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the latter opinion. (By Ding Yue)

起 承 合 First, Second, Last, Part 2 why reasons

起 承 合 Last but not least What’s more First of all 1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally 2）to start with, next, in addition, finally 3）first and foremost, besides, last but not least　　 (By Zhang Yiwen) 4）most important of all, moreover, finally 5）on the one hand, on the other hand　(By Yang Zhenqian)　 6）for one thing, for another thing Last but not least What’s more First of all 摆原因论证

起 承 合 Swimming and surfing are popular activities. Another sport Australians are fond of is tennis. Parents and teachers also encourage children to participate in team sports like cricket and various forms of football. Another popular sport, cricket, is originally from the UK. 举例论证

起 承 合 Is Australia a sporting nation? Of course it is, any Australian will tell you. The statistics prove it…. 列数字论证

起 承 合 Makig cities greeener also means making cities beautiful. As a result, more people choose to travel here . This year higher profits are earned from tourism. 结果论证

起 承 合 Part 3 As to me, … In my opinion, …(By Zhao Minhong) Conclusion 发表意见 Part 3 As to me, … In my opinion, …(By Zhao Minhong) Conclusion 采取行动 It’s high time that … Some measures must be taken to … Something must be done to … Only in this way can we …

I firmly support the view that… 起 承 合 总结 Part 3 In conclusion, …(By Yang Xuyue) In short, … To sum up, …(By Lv Senyang) Conclusion 深化主题 I firmly support the view that…

起 承 转 合 一分为二 Travelling by train advantages disadvantages Conclusion

4 1.All things considered, we can see that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. In that case, we will definitely decide that travelling by train is a wise way. 2.Just as a popular saying goes that every coin has two sides, travelling by train is no exception. 3.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. 4.Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over whether we should travel by train. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages. 3 2 1

1.Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over whether we should travel by train. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages. 2.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. 3.Just as a popular saying goes that every coin has two sides, travelling by train is no exception. 4.All things considered, we can see that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. In that case, we will definitely decide that travelling by train is a wise way.

Travelling by train/air 起 承 转 合 两者选一 Travelling by train/air advantages advantages Conclusion

1.There is a widespread concern over whether we should travel by train or by air. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. 2.A majority of people are in favor of travelling by air. In their view there are three factors contributing to this attitude as follows: (the advantages of travelling by air) 3.People,　however,　differ　in　their　opinion　on　 This matter. They prefer to travel by train. (the advantages of travelling by air)　 4. As far as I am concerned, I　firmly support the view that we should travel by train.　It　is not only because it’s cheaper, but also because it’s safer. The safer, the better.

Make the points clear. Make the structure plain. Make your sentences beautiful. Make the passage smooth.

Step 4 当前，越来越多的中学生利用周末参加各种各样的培训班。对于 这种现象，存在两种不同观点： 1、有必要 跟老师学比自学好，可以巩固课堂所学，可以学到更多知识 2、没必要 容易养成依赖习惯，学生需要时间休息，许多培训班以赢利为目的 请根据以上提示写一篇短文，反映表中内容，并阐述自己的观点 注意： 1、包括以上要点，可以适当发挥 2、词数150左右 3、参考词汇：strengthen(巩固)

Step 5 Assignment Complete the whole passage after class.

Is a Training Class Necessary More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes at the weekend. There are two different viewpoints about it. Some think it necessary. First of all, it’s more effective to study with a teacher than by themselves. Secondly, it can strengthen what is learnt in class. Besides, they can learn a lot more.

Others think it unnecessary Others think it unnecessary. For one thing, students can easily form the habit of dependence; for another, students need time to relax from time to time. what’s more, the purpose of many training classes and teachers is to make money. In my opinion, it just depends whether a training class or family teacher is needed . If you are really very weak at or interested in a certain subject, maybe it’s Ok for you. But be sure to choose a good and suitable class or teacher, otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.

起 承 转 合 The reasons why people are in favor of travelling by air 两者选一 The reasons why people are in favor of travelling by air The reasons why poeple are in favor of travelling by train Conclusion 关注是坐火车还是坐飞机去旅游。 有人选择坐火车 有人选择坐飞机 个人结论