Elevated follicle-stimulating hormone levels and the chances for azoospermic men to become fathers after retrieval of elongated spermatids from cryopreserved.

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Presentation transcript:

Elevated follicle-stimulating hormone levels and the chances for azoospermic men to become fathers after retrieval of elongated spermatids from cryopreserved testicular tissue Michael Zitzmann, M.D., Ph.D., Verena Nordhoff, Ph.D., Victoria von Schönfeld, Ph.D., Annette Nordsiek-Mengede, M.D., Sabine Kliesch, M.D., Ph.D., Andreas N. Schüring, M.D., Craig Marc Luetjens, Ph.D., Axel Kamischke, M.D., Ph.D., Trevor Cooper, Ph.D., Manuela Simoni, M.D., Ph.D., Eberhard Nieschlag, M.D., Ph.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 86, Issue 2, Pages 339-347 (August 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.058 Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

FIGURE 1 Serum FSH concentrations in relation to volume of the larger testis (n = 203). Markers give the information whether testicular biopsies contained elongated spermatids (•, n = 112) or not (∘, n = 91). Note the continuous distribution of values with an absence of clusters. Zitzmann. Chances for fatherhood in azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 86, 339-347DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.058) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

FIGURE 2 Probability curves to predict chances of obtaining elongated spermatids from testicular biopsies using noninvasive parameters. The x axis displays FSH concentrations; the y axis, the probability of finding sperm by TESE. The different curves are derived from various testicular volumes and give the volume in milliliters. Zitzmann. Chances for fatherhood in azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 86, 339-347DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.058) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

FIGURE 3 Outcome of infertility treatment attempts (n = 300) in relation to FSH levels. Inclusion of all patients and treatment cycles in regard to presence of sperm and success, hence, clinical pregnancy (A) or live birth (B). The cutoff level of 20 IU/L as threshold for positive outcome is indicated as thin horizontal line (receiver operating characteristics, with P=.008 for clinical pregnancies and P=.014 for live births). Zitzmann. Chances for fatherhood in azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 86, 339-347DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.058) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

FIGURE 4 Probability curves to predict chances of clinical pregnancies (dotted line) and live births (solid line) depending on the percentage of testicular tubuli containing elongated spermatids. Pregnancies are given as gray circles, twins are given as smaller black circles. Zitzmann. Chances for fatherhood in azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 86, 339-347DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.058) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions