Transverse vs. Longitudinal Types of Waves Transverse vs. Longitudinal

What do these animals have in common?

Standards & Objectives SPI 0707.11.6 Differentiate between transverse and longitudinal waves in terms of how they are produced and transmitted. Objectives/Success Criteria: I can differentiate between the two types of waves. I can identify the major components of each type of wave. I can explain the interaction of waves with the environment.

All types of waves transmit energy. What is a wave? Wave—any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or empty space All types of waves transmit energy. Wave energy—As waves travel, they do work on everything in their path. Ex: Drop a rock in a pond…waves on a pond do work on the water particles

Wait… What is Work??? Work—transfer of energy to an object by a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force.

All types of waves transmit energy. What is a wave? Wave—any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or empty space All types of waves transmit energy. Wave energy—As waves travel, they do work on everything in their path. Ex: Drop a rock in a pond…waves on a pond do work on the water particles

Most waves transfer energy by the vibration of particles in a medium. Medium—a substance through which a wave can travel. Solid, liquid, or gas If there are no particles to vibrate, no sound is possible.

Discuss with your table… If a tree falls in the forest, and there’s nobody around to hear, does it make a sound? Yes. By scientific standards, the compressions and rarefactions in the air which result from physical disturbances by the falling tree and move through the air with audio frequencies produce "sound".

What waves need a medium? Sound Ocean Guitar Earthquake Mechanical waves –need a medium Ex: sound, ocean, guitar, and earthquake. What doesn’t need a medium? Electromagnetic waves—don’t need a medium Ex: Light, UV rays (ultraviolet), radio signals

Discuss with your group… Is there sound in space? How do you know? No. Technically there is no sound in the way we hear it on earth. On earth, there are particles for the sounds to move through. In space, there is no air, meaning there are no particles for the sound to carry through.

Types of Waves: 1. Transverse 2. Longitudinal Vibrate in an up and down motion Vibrate back and forth Ex: spring in your pen/pencil Ex: wave motion of a rope Mechanical Waves (such as sound waves) Mechanical Waves and Electromagnetic Waves Medium particles move parallel to the wave’s direction Medium particles move perpendicular to the wave’s direction

Transverse vs. Longitudinal

TCAP Prep… A wave of sound is an example of a ______ wave. Transverse Longitudinal Refracted Reflected

TCAP Prep… Transverse and longitudinal waves are both examples of ______ waves. Mechanical Electromagnetic Energetic Frequent

TCAP Prep… In a longitudinal wave, the energy makes the medium move Perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Through space where there is no matter. Parallel to the direction of the wave. Up and down diagonally to the direction of the wave.

High frequency vs. Low frequency

What is frequency? Frequency— the number of waves produced in a given amount of time

Parts of a Transverse Wave… Crest (highest point) Amplitude (rest line to crest) Undisturbed position (rest) Wavelength (crest to crest or trough to trough) Trough (lowest point)

Properties of Waves Wavelength– the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave *Shorter wavelength=MORE energy Amplitude– the maximum distance that the particles of a wave’s medium vibrate from their rest position *Larger amplitude=MORE energy

High energy vs. Low energy

Parts of a Longitudinal Wave… Wavelength Compression Rarefaction

Parts of a longitudinal wave Compression– part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are crowded together Rarefaction– part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart (pronounced rare-uh-faction)

Independent Work Spend the next few minutes on the Waves worksheet. Use your notes from today to guide you through the questions. Work Silently

Answer in your comp. book… Sometimes, people at sporting events do “the wave.” Is this a real example of a wave? Why or why not? If not, how could they make a “real” wave?