Twentieth Century Amendments

Amendment 22 Limits on Presidential Terms No person may be elected President more than twice. A person who has served more than 2 years of another person’s term, may only be elected one more time Result of F.D. Roosevelt serving 4 terms

Amendment 23 Voting in District of Columbia gave the residents of the District the right to vote in presidential elections has the number of electors it would be entitled to if it were a state, but can not have more than the smallest state

Amendment 24 Poll Tax Illegal Prohibited the use of a tax to deny voting rights in federal elections In 1966 the Supreme Court extended it to state and local elections.

Led to Amend. 25 (pg. 384) 1881-Garfield lived 80 days after being shot-Arthur could not legally take over 1919-Wilson had a stroke-Marshal could not take over 1960-Eisenhower had 2 heart attacks Nixon could not take over 1963 after Kennedy was assassinated, Johnson took over had no vice president 1967 Amend. 25 passed

Amendment 25 Presidential Disability In case of removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. In case of vacancy in the office of Vice President, the President will nominate a candidate and both Houses of Congress must approve by majority vote.

Amend. 25 1st used 1973 Agnew resigned, Nixon appt. Ford 1974 Nixon resigned, Ford appt. Rockefeller 1988 Regan was shot, Bush became acting president until he recovered

Amendment 25 - Section 3 President inability to act If President tell the Pres. protempore of Senate and Speaker of House in writing that he is unable to carry out his duties, the Vice President will be ACTING President until the President sends them notice in writing that he is able to resume his position.

Amendment 25 - Section 4 If Vice President and a majority of officers of the executive departments tells the Pres. protempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House that the President is unable to carry out his duties, the Vice President assumes the powers and duties of President

Amendment 25 - Section 4 If President sends in writing a notice to the Pres. Protempore of Senate and Speaker of House that no disability exists he resumes his position as President. Unless within 4 days the Vice President and a majority of the heads of executive departments sends in writing that he is not able, then Congress shall decide.

Amendment 25 - Section 4 Congress must assembly within 48 hours if not in session within 21 days, Congress must determine with a 2/3rds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to carry out his duties; then the Vice President remains acting Pres. If not; the President resumes his office

Amendment 26 - 1971 Voting Age Extended the right to vote to citizens 18 years old or older Came about as a result of the Vietnam conflict.

Amendment 27 Congressional Pay Congress can not raise its own pay for the current session. If a pay increase if voted, it doesn’t take effect until an election for Representatives has taken place.

Dates of Suffrage Amendments 15th - race barrier - 1870 19th - gender barrier - 1920 26th - lowered to 18 - 1971