Era of Good Feelings Monroe’s Goodwill Tour National Unity - Yes or No???

Supreme Court Rulings Strengthened the power of the federal government to promote economic growth McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) – Maryland tried to tax the national bank The Court ruled that states had no right to interfere with federal institutions within their borders Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) – New York tried to create a law to control steamboat travel between NY and NJ The Court ruled that a state can only regulate trade within its borders. Interstate commerce – trade between states - is a federal power.

Economic Problems Lack of a national bank Foreign Competition In 1811, the charter for the national bank ran out A new bank was established in 1816 Foreign Competition Flood of British Goods The British had better machinery and technology British companies sold their goods for very low prices in order to push Americans out of business

Protective Tariffs The British plan put many New England factories out of business In response, Congress passed a protective tariff on all goods imported from Europe The Tariff of 1816 raised tariffs on all imports Southerners protested this because they did not have a lot of factories and therefore suffered from the tariff

Protective Tariff Without Tariff With Tariff Cloth made in America = $6.00 Tariff = 1.25 British Cloth = $5.00 $5.00 + $1.25 = $6.25 (more than American Cloth) Cloth made in Britain = $5.00

Clay’s American System Tariff problem reflected the growth of sectionalism Sectionalism – loyalty to one’s state or section rather than to the nation as a whole Henry Clay (The Great Compromiser) wanted to promote the American System which would benefit the economies of all sections of the U.S High tariffs on imports (Who would that help?) More industry in the North so that money could be spent on agricultural products from West and South Reduce our dependency on foreign goods

Problems with the American System Urged that the money from tariffs be used to improve transportation to make it easier to get southern goods However, Congress NEVER spent the money on improvements like transportation Southerners disliked this plan

Three Sectional Leaders John C. Calhoun Spoke for the South (SC), supported the War of 1812, for slavery, opposed policies that would strengthen the federal government Daniel Webster Spoke for the North (NH), opposed the War of 1812, wanted to strengthen the federal government, opposed slavery Henry Clay Spoke for the West (KY), supported the War of 1812, favored strengthening the federal government

Latin America During Monroe’s Presidency, many Latin American nations revolted and became independent. Mexico, Great Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil Spain was involved in protecting their colonies, so when Jackson marched U.S. soldiers into Florida, they were able to get Spain to agree to peace talks. Adam-Onis Treaty – Spain gave Florida to the U.S. for $5 million

Monroe Doctrine Countries in Europe were forming alliances and offering Spain assistance in regaining their colonies. The U.S. and Britain opposed this idea. Monroe Doctrine – declared the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs but warned European nations not to attempt to regain control of Latin America Showed U.S. determination to keep European powers out of the Western Hemisphere Britain supported this statement. Shaped our foreign policy for more than 100 years.