Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology Biology Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
13–4 Applications of Genetic Engineering Photo credit: ©Anup Shah/Dembinsky Photo Associates Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms Transgenic Organisms An organism described as transgenic, contains genes from other species. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms How are transgenic organisms useful to human beings? Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms Genetic engineering has spurred the growth of biotechnology. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms Transgenic Microorganisms Transgenic bacteria produce important substances useful for health and industry. Transgenic bacteria have been used to produce: insulin growth hormone clotting factor Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms Transgenic Animals Transgenic animals have been used to study genes and to improve the food supply. Mice have been produced with human genes that make their immune systems act similarly to those of humans. This allows scientists to study the effects of diseases on the human immune system. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms Researchers are trying to produce transgenic chickens that will be resistant to the bacterial infections that can cause food poisoning. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Transgenic Organisms Transgenic Plants Transgenic plants are now an important part of our food supply. Many of these plants contain a gene that produces a natural insecticide, so plants don’t have to be sprayed with pesticides. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning A clone is a member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell. In 1997, Ian Wilmut cloned a sheep called Dolly. Dolly and Bonnie The adult sheep is Dolly, the first mammal cloned from an adult cell. The lamb is Dolly’s first offspring, called Bonnie. The fact that Dolly was cloned did not affect her ability to produce a live offspring. Photo Credit: PA News Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly Donor Nucleus Fused cell Egg Cell In early 1997, Dolly made headlines as the first clone of an adult mammal. Embryo Cloned Lamb Foster Mother Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly In early 1997, Dolly made headlines as the first clone of an adult mammal. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly In early 1997, Dolly made headlines as the first clone of an adult mammal. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly In early 1997, Dolly made headlines as the first clone of an adult mammal. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly In early 1997, Dolly made headlines as the first clone of an adult mammal. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Cloning Dolly In early 1997, Dolly made headlines as the first clone of an adult mammal. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cloning Researchers hope cloning will enable them to make copies of transgenic animals and help save endangered species. Studies suggest that cloned animals may suffer from a number of genetic defects and health problems. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 13–4 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 13–4 Insulin-dependent diabetes can now be treated with insulin produced through the use of transgenic plants. transgenic animals. transgenic microorganisms. transgenic fungi. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 13–4 Transgenic tobacco plants that glow in the dark were produced by transferring the gene for luciferase from a clone. bacterium. firefly. jellyfish. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 13–4 The first mammal to be cloned was a sheep. horse. dog. cat. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 13–4 In producing a cloned animal, an egg cell is taken from a female and its nucleus is removed. A body cell is taken from a male. The clone from this experiment will look just like the female. be genetically identical to the male. have a mixture of characteristics from both animals. resemble neither the male nor the female. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 13–4 Animals produced by cloning have been shown to all be perfectly healthy. suffer from a number of health problems. live longer than uncloned animals. be less intelligent than uncloned animals. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
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