Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

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THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY The hospitality industry is an umbrella term for a broad variety of service industries, including, but not limited to, hotels, restaurants, casinos, catering enterprises, resorts, and clubs. The industry is very diverse and global, and is greatly impacted by fluctuations within the economy as also by various happenings across the world.

Meaning of Hospitality The word hospitality is derived from the Latin word hospes, meaning “guest, visitor, or one who provides lodging for a guest or visitor.”

TOURISM INDUSTRY Tourism may be defined as the movement of people from their normal place of residence to another place (with the intention to return) for a minimum period of twenty-four hours to a maximum of six months for the sole purpose of leisure and pleasure. Tourism can be categorized as: International tourism Domestic tourism

INTERNATIONAL TOURISM When people visit a foreign country, it is referred to as international tourism International tourist may be of following type: Inbound(When tourist from other country come to destination) Outbound( tourist originated from country of residence and move to other country) DOMESTIC TOURISM The tourism activity of people within their own country is known as domestic tourism

INDUSTRIES RELATED TO TOURISM

Sports & Entertainment INDUSTRIES RELATED TO TOURISM Lodging Food Service Travel Tourism Sports & Entertainment Hotels Fine-dining restaurants Air Lines Art & Craft Shops Parks Motels Fine-dining restaurants Motor coach Visitor centers Parks Time-Share Condominium B&Bs Resorts QSR restaurants Catering companies Banquet facilities Fine-dining restaurants Cruise lines Rail service Car rentals Buses Handlooms Shopping Malls Tour operators Emporiums Arenas Arts centers Theaters Parks

IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM. Employment generation IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM Employment generation Infrastructure development Foreign exchange

Origin and growth The origin and development of the hospitality industry is a direct outcome of travel and tourism. The primitive lodging houses or inns originated essentially to cater to these needs of the travelers.

Throughout the world they were known by different names : Dharamshala and Sarai in India Ryokans in Japan Paradors in Spain Pousadas in Portugal Coffee houses in America Taverns and Inns in Europe Cabarets and Hostelries in France Mansionis and Hospitia in Switzerland Phatnal in Greece Relay Houses in China

Evolution and Growth of Hotel Industry in India The origin and growth of hotel industry can be studied under following periods: Ancient Era : Primitive type of lodging houses offering rooms and modest services eg. Inns, Dharamshalas, Sarais etc.) Ancient and Medieval Era: While it is not clear when hospitality emerged as a commercial activity in ancient India, there is evidence of accommodation facilities for travellers and guests, though not as organized as we see them today. The lodging houses during those times were known as dharamshalas (dharama in Sanskrit means religion and shala school).

Grand Tour : Second half of 18th century, prior to French revolution is referred as ‘Golden era of travel’. This lead to extensive travel creating the need of lodging houses for aristocrats Colonial Era: The organized existence of the hotel industry in India started taking shape during the colonial period, with the advent of Europeans in the seventeenth century. The early hotels were mostly operated by people of foreign origin to cater to the needs of the European colonizers and later officials of the Raj.

Grand Tour In 1841, Thomas Cook organised the first tour for a group of 570 to attend a temperance rally in Leicester, England. The trip was complete with a picnic lunch and brass band The immediate success of the first venture and the demand for more assistance in making travel arrangements led Cook into the full-time business provided travel services. Thomas Cook

Modern Era : Industrial revolution, development of fast and safe mode of transport lead to the growth of modern lodging houses to cater the needs of mass movement of tourists Over the last few decades, various well-known international hotel chains have come to India. These include Hyatt Hotels and Resorts, InterContinental Hotels and Resorts, Marriott International, Hilton Hotels, Best Western International, Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, Carlson Hotels worldwide etc.

HOTEL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA TAJ GROUP In 1903, JRD TATA started Indian Hotels Company Ltd and the first Hotel in International standards was constructed the Taj Mahal Hotel in Mumbai. Today this is the largest Hotel Chain with many National and international properties. The group also operates Flight Catering Service.