Chapter 3: Measurement: Density

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 3: Measurement: Density

Objectives Relate floating to differences in density Calculate the density of a material from experimental data Describe how density varies with temperature

Density Density ratio of the mass of an object to its volume intensive property that depends on the type of material (composition), not on the amount

Constant mass When mass is constant… Denser material has less volume

Constant volume When volume is constant… Denser material has more mass Aluminum 2.70 g/cm3 Gold 19.3 g/cm3

Density and floating Lower density substances float on top higher density substances Ice is less dense than liquid water

Changing density & temperature Experiments show that the volume of most substances increases as the temperature increases This means the density of most substances will decrease as the temperature increases Example: hot air rises (floats) over cold air

Practice calculating density Question 1 A copper penny has a mass of 3.1 g and a volume of 0.35 cm3. What is the density of copper?

Practice calculating density Answer 1 Given Mass = 3.1 g Volume = 0.35 cm3 Density = ? Work density = 8.9 g/cm3 (rounded to 2 sigfigs)