Thai Meteorological Department (TMD) www.tmd.go.th Member Country Name Submitted by W. Petsuwan Thai Meteorological Department (TMD) www.tmd.go.th RA II WIGOS Workshop 6-8 November 2018, Beijing, China

Outline Introduction to the country and the NMHS Physical context of the country National requirements for observations Summary of national observing capabilities Status of National implementation of WIGOS Other remarks

Overview of Thailand Population: 69.23 Millions The climate of Thailand is tropical, with three distinct seasons a hot season from March to mid-May, a rainy season caused by the southwest monsoon, which generally runs from mid-May to October, and a dry and relatively cool season from November to February, when the north-east monsoon, coming from the Asian continent, prevails. However, the relatively cool season is felt in the north and in inland areas, while on the coasts and in the south it's hot even in winter. 

Extreme events Most Extreme events in Thailand are causes from excessive Rainfall and Flooding 26 December 2004: The Indian Ocean tsunami hit the west coast of Southern Thailand, resulting in 4,812 confirmed deaths, 8,458 injuries, and 4,499 missing in Thailand. July 2011 – January 2012: widespread flooding in 65 provinces resulted in 815 confirmed deaths, 13 million rai (21,000 square kilometres (8,100 sq mi)) of farmland damaged, and estimated economic losses of 1,425 billion baht (43 billion USD).

Thai Meteorological Department Total Staff is about 1,000 Meteorological staff (500) Others (500)

Infrastructures - Basic Meteorological Station (77) Observation Network Synoptic Meteorological Station (123) - Basic Meteorological Station (77) - Agro Meteorological Station (30) - Hydro Meteorological Staton (16) Upper Air Station (12) Doppler Radar (20) Automatic Weather Station (87) Automatic Rainguage Station (930) Seismic Observation Network (100+) Lightning Detection Network (4)

Physical context of the country

National requirements for observations National priority application areas Agriculture, Hydrology, Public Safety  Water Management Transports (especially for aviation) Most relevant measurements: Precipitation, Temperature, humidity Pressure, Wind

National observing capabilities Surface observing stations (123) RBSN (87) RBCN (14)

National observing capabilities Upper-Air (12) / Radiosonde (5) Radar (20 --> in 2020 to upgrade to dual polarisation

National observing capabilities Seismic station (66+61 --> in 2020 agree with other three gov. agency to add 130 more stations - Lightning Detection Network (4 -->14 in 2019) - Rain Guage Station (930 --> 400 in 2020 but will have MOU with other three government agencies with about 1,000 stations) - Hydrological Stations (16) - Ocean Wave Radars (2 + 4) - Aeorsal, Ozone, Solar, UV (2) - Wind Profiler (1 --> 1+8 in 2020)

Status of National implementation of WIGOS National Observing Strategy : adopted/approved by TMD; National WIGOS Implementation Plan: adopted/approved by TMD; National WIGOS governance mechanism: in place in TMD; National WIGOS partnership agreements for integration and open-sharing of observations from NMHSs and non-NMHSs sources: in place case by case basis; OSCAR/Surface being populated and updated with WIGOS metadata for which observations are exchanged internationally Number of reporting stations updated by Member in OSCAR/Surface : 123 Number of reporting stations in OSCAR/Surface with all mandatory metadata: 123 Number of staff trained in OSCAR/Surface: None (two participated in WIGOS Workshop), in need for e-learning courses

Status of National implementation of WIGOS VI. WIGOS Station Identifiers: implemented on stations in OSCAR/Surface VII. WIGOS Data Quality Monitoring System (WDQMS): national process in place, for acting on quality problem information received from WDQMS; - Training courses, Standard procedures, Software tool, Statistical analysis (anomaly), Routine maintenance, Instrument Calibration, Request for Repair VIII. National focal points nominated - WIGOS NFP Wattana KANBUA wattkan@gmail.com - OSCAR/Surface NFP Bundan SUBCHAROEN met2522@hotmail.com

Other remarks Need trainings for true understanding of core elements such as OSCAR, WDQMS New code formats are difficult to keep up - Native BUFR upper-air report - IWXXM for OPMET data Need more participation in Radio Frequency Coordination to protect radio frequency uses in observations (WMO No. 1159 Guide to Participation in Radio-Frequency Coordination) NMHS  National Regulator  Regional Meeting (APT)  WRC (World Radiocommunication Conferences)

Thank you wpetsuwan@hotmail.com