WIRELESS CORE NETWORK EVOLUTION Scott Carlson Motorola Global Telecom Solutions Sector June 5, 2004

Overview Softswitch – What is it? Softswitch in the Wireless Environment Wireless/Wireline Convergence

Switching in General Provides connectivity between users Connects Access Networks into the Core Network Provides advanced services Call Routing Call Features (3WC, CFU, CFC, CWT, BNAT…) Call Accounting System Statistics Interfaces to Feature Platforms e.g. Voice Mail Signaling interfaces to various Network Elements Very high reliability and QoS requirements

Traditional Switches Circuit oriented TDM switch matrix Highly integrated Heirarchical architecture Specialized hardware

Softswitch a New Approach Separate platforms for Call Control and Voice Path Standards defined “internal” interfaces (H.248) Packet switching instead of TDM circuit-based Widely available hardware Allows distributed, more peer-to-peer architecture

Softswitch Architecture Legacy Circuit Switch Soft Switch T D M Time Slot Inter-change Signaling & Control Line Interfaces SS7 TDM or IP Media Gateway Packet Signaling & Control SS7 SS7 Monolithic (Control + Bearer Integrated) Proprietary Interfaces Inefficient Resource Utilization Limited Scalability Higher Operating Costs Long Feature Development Intervals Disaggregated (Control separated from Bearer) Open Interfaces Most Efficient Resource Utilization High Scalability Lower Capital / Operating Costs Rapid Feature Development

Key Softswitch Benefits Distributed architecture for more flexible network deployments Highly scalable (up & down), independently scalable Non-proprietary – quickly leverage technology improvements Smaller footprint provides a reduces operations cost ~1/10th the size of legacy switches Lower maintenance with less hardware IP/ATM provides a Reduced Transport Costs vs. TDM Standards-based interfaces allow for faster feature development

Architecture Example Element Management System Control Switch/ Full O&M EMS Servers and RAID MSC Features Control Switch/ Call Server Call processing SS7 and C7 signaling cards Accounting Session Control Manager Media Gateway Control Function Roaming Signaling Gateway Trunking Signaling Gateway SS7 H/W CPU Media Gateway Bearer Traffic Interface High Port Densities Multiple Transport Options Scalable MGWs

Control Chassis/Call Server Call Control Routing decisions Class of Service Management Calling Features Media Gateway Control Function SS7 Signaling, H.248 Signaling Accounting Statistics Multiple Control Chassis can be connected via IP as a single logical switch for capacity expansion

Media Gateway Supports TDM to TDM, TDM to IP and TDM to ATM under management of the Control Switch Standards-based interoperability using H.248/MEGACO and MGCP Toll quality voice enabled using the G.711 codec Other compressed codecs can be supported such as G.729A, G.723.1 and G.726 as well as G.729B and G.711 with silence suppression G.168 echo cancellation algorithms and very low delay inherent provide voice quality equal to or better than the PSTN Distributed architecture – can locate the MGW in separate frame in separate location

Core Network Direction Crossbar Switch Electronic TDM Circuit Switch Packet Softswitch Network convergence is driving the momentum toward IP and VoIP for both wireline and wireless networks Softswitch architecture enables packet switching of voice traffic in the IP environment Softswitches bridge between circuit and packet networks Long-distance networks were the first to use softswitches in the late 1990’s with VoIP Softswitches are now being introduced for wireless and local wireline networks

Softswitch in the Wireless Environment Softswitching has become mainstream in 2004, which is a year earlier than we originally thought. It allows carriers to offer new services and lowers network operating costs. Wireline, Cable and Wireless operators as well as Enterprises are all in early deployments with this next-generation equipment. - BAIRD U.S. Equity Research

Softswitching in Wireless In addition to the basic softswitch functions, a wireless softswitch must: Perform Mobility Management VLR Call Delivery Handover Interface with the Radio Access Network Interface with other wireless network elements HLR SMS Prepaid Location Based Services IN/CAMEL Services Packet Data Nodes

Wireless Core Network Overview PSTN/ISDN IMS Services BSC IMS Domain UMS VM Clients IMS/PoC/AD/PDS CS/IMS MGW Packet Core Domain CDMA RAN Content Server Transcoding Photo Album VAS Services MMS-C GAMA SMS-C BSC 2G RAN Domain Manager CS Core Domain HLR/HSS MSC Server CS/PS Services MGW EIR Pre-Paid IN Server RNC PSTN/ISDN 3G RAN

Key Benefits for Wireless Initially MSC w/ Circuit Interfaces (today’s RAN std.) Enables transition to All-IP environment (R5, R6) Support for evolved 3G with Transcoding at the Edge Distributed Switching Enables IP Transport Improved Cost Structure Paves the way for Convergence

Wireless / Wireline Convergence

Convergence  Network Evolution “By 2006, the typical consumer will use his or her “phone” equally to: 1) talk to others, 2) e-mail or message and 3) access the Web; completely redefining conventional wisdom about consumer demand for mobile services.” Gartner Dataquest Media Streaming video Video on demand Interactive video services TV/radio/data contribution & distribution Telecommunication ISDN services Video telephony Wideband data services Internet Broadband Wireless Computer Internet access Electronic mail Real time images Multimedia Mobile computing Convergence of applications and networks is driving the evolution to a common, Internet Protocol (IP) -based network architecture

Core Network Convergence Convergence can be viewed as: Integrated Core Network / Unified Control Layer Across access networks/devices/locations Network that supports single device used at work, home and mobile, on various access networks Services that can be accessed across variety of devices IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 3G standard for wireless and Internet convergence Ideal solution for wireline/wireless convergence Access independent (IP connectivity can be through GPRS, CDMA2000, LAN etc.) Based on Internet standard Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Enables Multimedia Services

Converged Services Network Vision Subs Database Network Management BROADBAND IP NETWORKS Content Providers Application Developers Routers PSTN Gateway INTERNET PoC Server Access Technologies Wireless | Cable DSL Middleware SoftSwitch IMS Nomadic Automobile Hot Spot Enterprise Home Common End-User Services Accessibility Everywhere at Wireline-Like Cost and Desktop-Like User Experience Voice, Messaging, PoC, Video, Web Services, Location Services, Content Storage Terminals InFiNet, IP Phone, Web Phone IP Based PBX COMMUNICATION DOMAINS

Seamless Mobility Extend PBX into the mobile work place Extend Cellular Network into WLAN environments Optimize infrastructure costs Optimize coverage Manage quality of service Residential: IMS-PacketCable-WLAN-Multi-mode device Multi-mode devices VoIP over WLAN VoIP over 3G cellular high speed packet data GSM/CDMA voice Multimedia in all domains

What are the challenges? Intelligent management of the user experience across a variety of access networks: Transition point between realms IP-TDM-IP Transcoding for voice, video Interface with a variety of applications servers Added complexity for Mobility Management Inter-technology handover Multiple standards QoS Management Requires Advanced User Devices Multiple Radio Modes (GSM, GPRS, WLAN) SIP Clients New vocoders

The Pieces are Coming Together Avaya, Motorola and Proxim have partnered to offer Enterprise Seamless Mobility solution due in 3Q04 Several vendors have announced WLAN/cellular handsets recently http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,116334,00.asp Qualcomm MSM7200 GSM/UMTS chipset supports WLAN and Bluetooth interfaces Motorola demonstrated many of these concepts recently at WIRED NextFest2004…

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