Selenium Tutorials Cheyat Training. WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Automation using Selenium Cheyat.com WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Agenda What is Selenium ? Automating Tests using Selenium Selenium Components Advantages of Selenium Selenese-The language of Selenium Automating Tests using Selenium Prerequisites and Test Bed Setup Scripting Techniques and Best Practices Known Issues & Workarounds Benefits to Organization Drawbacks Selenium Reference on the Internet Source Repository Selenium User Forums Selenium Developer Forums Selenium-How to Contribute WWW.CHEYAT.COM

What is Selenium ? WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Automation tool for web based applications Selenium Automation tool for web based applications Used for functional regression testing Uses JavaScript Embeds test automation engine in your browser WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium Components 1. Selenium Core Core engine of Selenium JavaScript/DHTML library Other Selenium components such as IDE and RC build on it Supports a variety of platforms Windows: Internet Explorer 6.0 and 7.0 , FireFox 0.8 to 2.0 Mac OS X: Safari 2.0.4+, FireFox 0.8 to 2.0 , Camino 1.0a1 Linux: FireFox 0.8 to 2.0 Konqueror WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium Components 2. Selenium IDE Integrated development environment for Selenium tests Enables you to record a browser session Implemented as a Mozilla FireFox extension Allows you to record, edit, and debug tests. WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium Components.. 3. Selenium Remote Control (RC) Provides Selenium Server Start/Stop/Control supported browsers Script web application UI tests Works with any HTTP website Uses any JavaScript enabled browser WWW.CHEYAT.COM

How Selenium RC Works WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Advantages of Selenium Open source, free software Easy Installation Scripting Techniques : Easy recording and playback of scripts Modular scripts Compatibility : Multiple operating systems (Windows, Linux, Mac) Allows cross browser testing (Record in FireFox, execute in IE) No dedicated machine required for test execution (user can work in parallel). Integration with third party tools. Example : RTH Test Case Management Tool. WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenese-The language of Selenium Selenese consists of Actions, Accessors, Element Locators and Variables Actions - Commands for the selenese language to perform a action on a web application Script performs a particular action Typically take element locator and possibly a value Examples : 1.Open- open a url 2.Click- click button, link, etc.. 3.Type- type text in text field WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenese-The language of Selenium Accessors – Verification / Validation checkpoints for the tool Data related Take only element locators Examples : 1. store(locator,variable) 2. verify(locator,pattern) 3.eval- return value of JS expression 4. bodyText-contents of HTML body WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenese-The language of Selenium Element Locators These can be id, name, identifier, link, etc.. Variables used in scripting Information regarding Actions, Accessors can be found in class ‘Selenium Driver’ in installed directory For e.g. C:\Selenium\selenium-remote-control- 0.9.0\ruby\doc\index.html WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Sample Script require "selenium" require "test/unit" def test_new @selenium.open "/" @selenium.type "q", "Hello" @selenium.click "btnG" @selenium.wait_for_page_to_load "30000" begin assert @selenium.is_text_present("Hello is a new way to look at pictures with friends and family. ) rescue Test::Unit::AssertionFailedError @verification_errors << $! end temp = @selenium.get_text("//div[2]/div[1]") WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Automating Tests using Selenium WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Prerequisites and Test Bed Setup Software : Selenium IDE, Mozilla FireFox for script recording Selenium Server, Java for running scripts Configuration : Set path variables Use –multiWindow option while starting server Resource : Users… should have basic scripting knowledge Hardware… No specific requirement the basic configuration for a server – P4, 512 MB RAM is good enough. WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Scripting Techniques and Best Practices In order to ensure the quality of scripts and reduce maintenance, it is best to have scripting techniques and best practices. Some of which are… Comments and proper formatting in scripts Scripting considerations for integration with other tools Documentation of basic data required for scripts Documentation of new functions added for scripts Follow fixed, logical scripting format Include code to handle Selenium errors Scripting according to application specific issues WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Known Issues & Workarounds WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Elements not found on page Potential Causes : Can happen due to execution speed of Selenium Elements do not load on page in time Fix : Add code in scripts which waits for elements Additional issues : Sometimes existing elements on a page are not detected Sometimes elements on a page have a same label Solution : Obtain exact element label from source code Label can be used in scripts for accuracy WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Handling of Popup windows Steps : Window id required for automated operations in window At times if id is not obtained during recording, go to window and perform operations Window id will be obtained after this action. WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Handling of Frames Option : Causes : Fix : -multiWindow option handles potential frame problems Causes : At times required name of frame not obtained in recording Fix : Obtain frame label from source code Also can be obtained from browser URL bar WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Benefits to Organization WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Benefits to Organization Automation Benefits : Usual benefits for automation e.g. Time saving Time required for sanity reduced ( 12 man hours to 3 man hours, build frequency of 4-5 builds a month ) For one of the projects, Sanity suite automated : 243 test cases Good Returns on Zero Investment Increasing Productivity Cost saving as it is open-source QA engineers get familiar with scripting languages like Ruby, Perl etc apart from manual testing Caveat: Full automation and maintenance has not been evaluated and that can be a risk WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Drawbacks Lack of exhaustive formal guidance material Mozilla FireFox browser is required for script recording Only works with web based applications WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium Reference on the Internet WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium Source Repository View : http://svn.openqa.org/fisheye/viewrep/selenium- core/trunk To check out Selenium Core: svn co https://svn.openqa.org/svn/selenium-core/trunk WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium User Forums Selenium Core http://forums.openqa.org/forum.jspa?forumID=3 Selenium IDE http://forums.openqa.org/forum.jspa?forumID=2 Selenium RC http://forums.openqa.org/forum.jspa?forumID=1 3 WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Developer Forums http://forums.openqa.org/forum.jspa?forumID=4 Post suggestions, feature requests, patches, etc.. Development mailing list : selenium-core-dev- subscribe@openqa.org Send emails in plain text format only WWW.CHEYAT.COM

Selenium –How to Contribute QA/User Contribution : Submit bug reports , with patches Helping out in forums Development : Becoming a regular Selenium developer is on invite-only basis WWW.CHEYAT.COM

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