Task Force n°1: Framework and definitions ESSnet Culture Task Force n°1: Framework and definitions Luxembourg, June 2011

ESSnet Culture TF1 general objective TF1: Framework and definitions a 2-year working plan to develop a reflection on the delimitation, structure and extension of the cultural field, on the basis of the LEG definition and the 2009 Unesco framework. June 2011 2

ESSnet Culture TF1 working plan TF1: Framework and definitions a 4-step working plan up to April 2011 1. Inventory and study of the general framework 2. Compatibility with updated nomenclatures (mainly based on NACE and CPA) 3. Correspondence with harmonised sources 4. Production of cards by domains 5. Final report synthesis 6. Thematic issues (Satellite account, CCI, cultural diversity) June 2011 3

ESSnet Culture TF1 proposed method TF1: Framework and definitions Base = the LEG approach, i.e. the activity at the crossing of domains * functions the new UNESCO framework, FCS 2009 revised nomenclatures Aim: to include or exclude activities and see how they could be measured; to make a list of every debate for future openings or recommendations June 2011 4

ESSnet Culture FCS 2009 TF1: Framework and definitions FCS includes the eight LEG domains But FCS is structured on heterogeneous criteria: A minimum set of 6 core domains Transversal domains (equipment, archiving and preserving, ICH) Related domains (tourism, sports and recreation) The unit mixes domains (e.g. Fine arts) with activities (e.g. architectural services) and products (videogames). June 2011 5

ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions FCS 2009 June 2011 6

ESSnet Culture TF1 framework TF1: Framework and definitions 7 June 2011 7

ESSnet Culture TF1 new framework TF1: Framework and definitions Compared with the 2000 EU LEG framework : + 2 domains (advertising and art crafts) and + 1 function (management/regulation) Main choices are justified by: a) focusing on creation b) production of data June 2011 8

From the LEG to ESSnet and UNESCO ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions From the LEG to ESSnet and UNESCO June 2011 9

(chapter 5.3, pages 17 & 18 of the draft FR) ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions TF1 key definitions (chapter 5.3, pages 17 & 18 of the draft FR) Cultural activities Cultural domains Cultural functions Cultural dimensions visual matrices to display the whole ESSnet system with its different dimensions (economic activities, employment, expenditure, practices) June 2011 10

TF1 matrix for cultural activities ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions TF1 matrix for cultural activities A matrix for a general representation, based on economic functions June 2011 11

Circle matrix advantages ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Circle matrix advantages Compared with other representations, no hierarchy between cultural domains but creation at the core Creation as a real cultural feature (versus creativity) (creation included for advertising, architecture) June 2011 12

Inclusions and exclusions of activities ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Inclusions and exclusions of activities Always deceptive to think one is dealing with a clear and comprehensive cultural field for all: so varied are the cultural ideas, practices, national strategies Choices were: to remain practical: a common and measurable framework for cultural activities Clear frontiers and strict content ensure quality data, would be a challenge to estimate and define a EU quality aggregate (whereas lacks in so many core activities) June 2011 13

Inclusions and exclusions of activities ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Inclusions and exclusions of activities Other activities may have links with culture (equipment, tourism, etc.) but with a small proportion of cultural content : inaccuracy of data production enlarged to other domains, for instance software Software domain is not cultural; but professions in software are included: graphic and multimedia designers = ISCO will integrate them See exclusions (5.2, page 12): manufacture, printing, software, nature, leisure, equipment, ornemental June 2011 14

Cultural rank of activities ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Cultural rank of activities (page 79) review of the content of NACE classes: totally and mainly cultural activities are considered for collecting data on cultural activities partly or not cultural activities are not considered June 2011 15

From the theoretical activity to the statistical activity ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions From the theoretical activity to the statistical activity Cultural activities are often scattered and disintegrated in several statistical classes NACE 2008: Creation of literary works = a cultural activity, Statistically integrated under NACE 4-digit 90.03 'Artistic Creation', which includes the activities of freelance writers (CPA 90.03.11). Performing arts creation in both 90.01 and 90.03 Often only spotted with product level (CPA): advertising creation, only 73.11.11/13 June 2011 16

ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions From the theoretical activity to the statistical activity, NACE rev.2, 2008 3 classes 2-digit entirely cultural (59, 60, 90) 6 classes 3-digit (591, 592, 601, 602, 741, 900) 29 classes 4-digit to collect data on cultural activities See table pages 21 to 24: the activities considered as totally or mainly cultural June 2011 17

Statistical framework on cultural activities (extract) ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Statistical framework on cultural activities (extract) June 2011 18

Sources and Measurement ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Review by domains: Sources and Measurement European sources are scarce for measuring the economy of cultural domains (see SBS, STS, Comext): No EU coverage of Heritage (except museums), of Visual arts, of Performing arts National sources mostly for heritage activities (museums, libraries), theatre and cinema BUT with varied concepts and methodologies Few international sources relevant for EU-27 June 2011 19

ESSnet Culture Achievements TF1: Framework and definitions 10 domains and 6 functions for a new framework on culture (page 15) 29 statistical activities NACE 2008 for culture Cultural framework summarized with tables: list of theoretical cultural activities (page 76) a visual matrix (pages 12) list of statistical activities NACE 2008 (page 21) June 2011 20

Recommendations to be discussed ESSnet Culture TF1: Framework and definitions Recommendations to be discussed To reduce missing data goes with a legal framework = implement cultural statistics Better coverage of surveys with cultural classes In the long run, other developments such as: Cultural employment Trade in cultural goods and services Indicators on copyrights small-sized and non market entreprises cultural satellite accounts. June 2011 21