Volume 131, Issue 5, Pages 1597-1610 (November 2006) Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets by Gene-Expression Profiling in Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors  Anne Couvelard, Jiangting Hu, Graham Steers, Dermot O‘Toole, Alain Sauvanet, Jacques Belghiti, Pierre Bedossa, Kevin Gatter, Philippe Ruszniewski, Francesco Pezzella  Gastroenterology  Volume 131, Issue 5, Pages 1597-1610 (November 2006) DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.007 Copyright © 2006 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Identification of genes that can differentiate between benign and malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors. Data are presented in a matrix format: each row represents a cDNA clone on the microarray and each column an individual mRNA sample (samples 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23: metastatic tumors; samples 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 24: non metastatic tumors). The results presented represent the ratio of hybridization of fluorescent cDNA probes prepared from each experimental mRNA sample to a reference mRNA sample. These ratios are a measure of relative gene expression in each experimental sample and were depicted according to the color scale shown at the bottom. Grey indicates missing data or excluded data. Gastroenterology 2006 131, 1597-1610DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.007) Copyright © 2006 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Box plot of MVD stratified according to the WHO classification. Differences between groups were statistically significant (P = .0008). Gastroenterology 2006 131, 1597-1610DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.007) Copyright © 2006 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Immunohistochemical expression of E-selectin, MKK4 and MDR1 by (A, C, E) benign and (B, D, F) malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors. (A) E-selectin is not detected in this benign tumor whereas (B) E-selectin+ capillaries are numerous in a malignant case. (C) MKK4 is expressed strongly in benign tumor and (D) detected faintly in a well-differentiated carcinoma. (E) MDR is negative in benign tumor cells but is expressed strongly by normal ducts within the tumor. (F) Its expression is strong and membranous in a metastatic case. Immunoperoxidase and hematoxylin nuclear counterstaining; original magnifications, 250×. Gastroenterology 2006 131, 1597-1610DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.007) Copyright © 2006 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Box plot of MDR1 expression stratified according to the WHO classification. Differences between groups were statistically significant (P = .0003). Gastroenterology 2006 131, 1597-1610DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.007) Copyright © 2006 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions