Plate Tectonics Quiz What is a tectonic plate? (part of your answer should include the part of the earth that is tectonic plates.) What are the three kinds of plate boundaries? Names and arrows. How is the Theory of Continental Drift different from the Theory of Plate Tectonics?

Why do earthquakes occur?

What is our goal? Today your goal is to know: Why earthquakes occur Where earthquakes occur What happens to the earth during and earthquake The two types of seismic waves

Seismology Seismologist The study of earthquakes A scientist who studies earthquakes

Where do earthquakes occur? At plate boundaries At faults away from plate boundaries. What do we call a break in the earth’s crust A Fault

Earthquake Zone A place where many earthquakes occur.

Where we find earthquakes. Transform Motion = Strike-Slip Fault

Where we find earthquakes Convergent Motion = Reverse Faults

Where we find earthquakes Divergent Motion = Normal Fault

Two main types of deformation Plastic Like clay Does not lead to an earthquake. Elastic Like a rubber band DOES lead to an earthquake Deformation Change in the shape of rock because of stress.

Elastic Rebound Sudden return of deformed rock to its original shape. Occurs when more stress is applied than the rock can take. Energy is released as seismic waves which can cause an earthquake. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/animations/animation.php?flash_title=Elastic+Rebound&flash_file=elasticrebound&flash_width=300&flash_height=350

Seismic Waves Seismic Waves Surface Waves Body Waves Waves of energy that travel through the earth. Surface Waves Waves that travel along the Earth’s Surface Body Waves Waves that travel through the Earth’s interior.

Body Waves P Waves Called Primary Waves Travel through solids, liquids and gases The fastest seismic waves

Body Waves S Waves Secondary Waves Shear Waves Second Fastest Shear rock side to side Second Fastest Cannot travel through complete liquid

Which wave do you think causes the most damage? Surface Wave Body Wave

Surface Waves Produce motion in the upper part of the Earth’s crust. Travel more slowly and are more destructive. There are two types One type produces up and down and around motion. One type produces back and forth motion.