Agenda 4/17 and 4/18 Fat Video Molecular Biology Review Notes Organic Molecules Drawings Properties of Water POGIL Homework: Biomolecules video and notes Turn in: both video notes

What is fat? https://youtu.be/QhUrc4BnPgg

Molecular Biology Molecular biology explains living processes in terms of the chemicals involved The most significant molecule is carbon Carbon can for 4 covalent bonds That means it can create a lot of different types of molecules Life is based on: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Metabolism Metabolism- web all of enzyme- catalyzed reactions in a cell or organism Anabolism- synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules Catabolism- breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules

Carbohydrates Monomers=monosaccharides Monosaccharides are linked together by condensation reactions Can form disaccharides and polysaccharides Examples: cellulose, starch, glycogen, sucrose, lactose, maltose

Lipids Made of fatty acids and glycerol Can be saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated Unsaturated fats can be cis or trans isomers Triglycerides form by condensation reaction of three fatty acids and one glycerol

Proteins Amino acids held together by peptide bonds in a condensation reaction 20 different amino acids Can be linked in any sequence which creates a wide range of possible proteins Enzymes are an example of proteins Proteins can be denatured at extremely high temperatures, extreme pH

Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides DNA is double stranded with thymine RNA is single stranded with uracil Hydrogen bonds hold complementary bases together in DNA molecules Antiparallel structure!

Water Water molecules are polar and hydrogen bonds form between them Cohesion and adhesion are important High specific heat of water also due to hydrogen bonding Substances can be hydrophobic or hydrophilic Ex: thermal regulation and sweat