The Counter Reformation

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Presentation transcript:

The Counter Reformation Essential Question: What tools did the Catholic Church use to try and stop the spread of Protestantism?

The Council of Trent 1545-1563, a meeting of Church officials to reform and define the Catholic belief system Clarify how Catholicism is different from Protestantism

Methods to Prevent Protestantism The Catholic Church tried to prevent the spread of Protestantism by… 1. Seeking out and punishing Protestants (the Inquisition) 2. Banning books & literature written by Protestant leaders 3. Creating new religious orders to spread Catholic teachings (The Jesuits)

Martin Luther’s trial... The Roman Catholic Church brought Martin Luther to trial for heresy and he was told to recant or be excommunicated. Martin Luther stood by his ideas so the Church found him guilty of heresy and he was punished by excommunication.

Punishment The Inquisiton A court established to investigate people who opposed the Catholic Church Church officials often used intimidation and sometimes even torture The Spanish Inquisition was so effective, it helped Spain remain Catholic.

New Religious Orders The Jesuits (The Society of Jesus) Founded by Ignatius of Loyola Studied the teachings of St. Thomas Aquinas to be loving and kind to all Obedience and disciplined in spreading Catholicism Learned many languages

Results of the Reformation The division of western Christianity into Catholicism and Protestantism Religious wars and persecution during the 16th and 17th centuries The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648): Catholics vs. Protestants in Germany. Ended with the signing of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 The rise of nationalism and federalism, the idea of self-government began to take hold

Spreading Christianity Missionaries set out to spread Christianity(Protestantism and Catholicism) globally during the following Age of Exploration Many traveled the world to persuade people to convert. Divisions within Christianity persisted in areas around the world Many people in South America are Catholics today because they were colonized by Spain and Portugal, which were Catholic countries.

Impact of Missionaries