Global Animal Health Situation Solutions International Forum for Food and Agriculture « Green Week 2009 », Berlin, 18 January 2009 Bernard Vallat Director General
Trends in Global Population 70 65 60 55 1950 75 80 85 90 95 2000 05 10 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Billions Total Global Population: 1950-2015 Source: US Bureau of the Census Less developed countries More developed countries Source : Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta
Trends in animal protein consumption Shift from powerty to middle-class (1 billion people expected) Increase of number of daily meals More milk, eggs and meat in meals Some projections toward 2020 indicate that the demand for animal protein will increase by 50%, especially in developing countries.
Globalisation Unprecedent movments of commodities and people, used by pathogens to circulate worldwide There is no where in the world from which we are remote and no one from whom we are disconnected
Nowadays pathogens are transported around the world faster than the average incubation time of most epizootics. Climate changes and human behaviour allow colonisation of new territories by vectors and pathogens (e.g bluetongue in Europe
Animal health is a key component of food security and food safety 1 billion poor farmers survive thank to livestock Impact of animal diseases on losses on animal production (and on animal products food security) worldwide exceed 20% Strong links between animal health, food security and public health Animal proteins are crucial for humans Global intensification of animal production cannot be avoided at global level We need to be ready
Zoonotic potential of animal pathogens 60% of human pathogens are zoonotic 75% of emerging diseases are zoonotic 80% of agents having a potential bioterrorist use are zoonotic pathogens
Solutions Which concepts to promote for protecting countries and regions from current and emerging threats?
Outline The Global Public Good concept The Good governance concept The « One World, One Health » concept Horizontal and peace time approach
The Global Public Good Concept Global public goods are goods whose benefits extend to all countries, people and generations.
The Global Public Good Concept In the case of control and eradication of infectious diseases, the benefits are international and intergenerational in scope. Countries depend on each other Failure of one country may endanger all the planet Animal health systems are not a commercial or a strictly agriculture good
Main benefits linked with improvement of animal health systems Control of animal diseases contributes to: Food Security Public Health: zoonoses, food safety Market Access: local, regional and international Poverty Alleviation Securing assets (animal capital) Increasing productivity and food production Animal welfare
The Good Governance Requirements for all countries Need for appropriate legislation and implementation through national animal health systems providing for: Appropriate surveillance, early detection, Transparency, Notification Rapid response to animal disease outbreaks Biosecurity Compensation Vaccination when appropriate
TRANSPARENCY must works in parallel with WHO-IHR Agreement WAHIS – Secure Access system OIE Listed disease Non OIE listed disease New Disease / Infection Unusual epidemiological event Emerging disease Immediate notification Early warning Follow-up reports WAHIS Database Final report TRANSPARENCY Six-monthly report on OIE Listed disease / infection absent or present Monitoring Annual report Web interface WAHID must works in parallel with WHO-IHR Agreement
78 countries already evaluated by the OIE on a volontary basis The OIE-PVS Tool Evaluation of the Performance of Veterinary Services a tool for Good Governance of Veterinary Services 78 countries already evaluated by the OIE on a volontary basis
PVS Evaluation Missions – (as at 15 January 2009) REGION Official requests from countries Missions completed Gap Analysis requests TOTAL 90 78 19 Objective: 120 Countries This global tool provided by the OIE will have a great impact on the promotion and improvement of Veterinary Services worldwide 16
The concept of “One World-One Health” (OWOH) A global strategy for preventing and managing risks at the human-animal interface Cooperation is important particularly for predictions
NEXT STEPS Improve animal health governance (legislation, budget…) More investments in Veterinary Services (in both public and private components) Horizontal approach (investment in peace time and in systems versus crisis treatment) Crucial importance of initial and continuous training Tend to be less outbreaks in newly affected countries so indicates that it isn’t spreading as effectively. May be a result of more rapid disease detection (awareness) and better biosecurity Generally the response to outbreaks, following detection, appears to be better International funds have been made available.
EU policies Welcome to the new animal health policy Yes, prevention in peace time is the way to avoid crisis and to save a lot of public money To help developing countries to eradicate diseases is a win/win deal Research and education are crucial
What could be improved More legal obligations of EU Members States on surveillance, early detection and rapid response, EC Veterinary Fund is crucial as well as compensations to farmers: need to be reinforced More resources for developing countries as well as for education and research in animal health More synergies with OIE PVS tool could be beneficial for EU The cost of animal health private insurances will be linked with the quality of Veterinary Services
Thank you for your attention Organisation mondiale de la santé animale World Organisation for Animal Health Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal 12 rue de Prony, 75017 Paris, France - www.oie.int – oie@oie.int