Periodic Trends How are ionization energy, electronegativity and atomic radius influenced by nuclear charge and nuclear shielding?

Terms Ionization energy: the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely held electron Electronegativity: the measure of the attraction an atom has for electrons in a chemical bond (or for another atom’s electrons) Atomic Radius: the distance from the nucleus of an atom its outermost PEL

Nuclear Charge The positive charge exerted by the protons in the nucleus of the atom The magnitude of the charge is related to the number of protons in the nucleus More protons = greater charge

Nuclear Shielding Kernel: the nucleus plus all of the PELs except the valence Nuclear shielding: the inner shells shield the nuclear charge from the valence level, blocking it’s attractive force

Trends down a group Consider concepts presented (shielding, nuclear charge and atomic structure in general) How are electronegativity and ionization impacted? How is atomic radius impacted?

Trends across a period Consider concepts presented (shielding, nuclear charge and atomic structure in general) How are electronegativity and ionization impacted? How is atomic radius impacted?