Plagiarism and Citation: Parenthetical Citations *When in doubt, cite.

Blatant Forms of Plagiarism Stealing or buying another paper Stealing or buying another paper Copying a friends paper Copying a friends paper Taking whole paragraphs from another source. Taking whole paragraphs from another source.

Inadvertent Plagiarism Lazy paraphrasing Lazy paraphrasing Not citing sources Not citing sources Quoting excessively (quotations should generally be 12 words or fewer) Quoting excessively (quotations should generally be 12 words or fewer) Incorrect citations Incorrect citations Failing to use your own voice or style Failing to use your own voice or style

School Consequences for Plagiarizing see Agenda p. 13 see Agenda p rd offense: not the 3 rd offense in that class, the 3 rd one EVER. 3 rd offense: not the 3 rd offense in that class, the 3 rd one EVER. F in the class you plagiarized in. F in the class you plagiarized in. Suspension from all extra-curricular activities for one full academic year Suspension from all extra-curricular activities for one full academic year Removal from elected office Removal from elected office

Consequences Beyond HS Colleges expel students for plagiarizing Colleges expel students for plagiarizing Lose quarter/semester tuition Lose quarter/semester tuition Need to reapply to colleges...with plagiarism on their record Need to reapply to colleges...with plagiarism on their record NY Times reporter Jayson Blaire plagiarized many of his articles NY Times reporter Jayson Blaire plagiarized many of his articles Fired. Fired. Tarnished the reputation of one of the most respected newspapers in the country. Tarnished the reputation of one of the most respected newspapers in the country.

How does your teacher know? Dont play around with it. It is not worth the risk. Know the rules. Play by the rules. Dont play around with it. It is not worth the risk. Know the rules. Play by the rules. If you use someone elses words, use quotation marks! If you use someone elses words, use quotation marks! If you use someone elses ideas, make the words your own! If you use someone elses ideas, make the words your own! Whether quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing... Whether quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing... CITE, CITE, CITE!

What do you need to cite? Direct quotations Direct quotations Any information that is not common knowledge Any information that is not common knowledge Any paraphrased information Any paraphrased information Any summarized information Any summarized information IF YOU ARENT SURE... IF YOU ARENT SURE...CITE!

Information that is not common knowledge Common knowledge: Bellevue High School is in Bellevue, WA Common knowledge: Bellevue High School is in Bellevue, WA Not common knowledge: Bellevue High School ranks 32 nd on a list of the nations high schools ( Not common knowledge: Bellevue High School ranks 32 nd on a list of the nations high schools ( General rule: if you can find the information in three sources AND you are fairly certain your readers know it, it is common knowledge. General rule: if you can find the information in three sources AND you are fairly certain your readers know it, it is common knowledge. When in doubt, though, CITE! When in doubt, though, CITE!

Paraphrasing Practice In order to not plagiarize while paraphrasing, your work must differ in both word choice and syntax from the work you are paraphrasing. Try it on the passage below: Each scholarly field has its preferred style of guidelines for writing. MLA is widely used in humanities disciplines. Once you understand one style, it is easier to learn other styles for citations (High School MLA 1).

Correct Paraphrasing English, social studies, and other humanities disciplines use the MLAs writing guidelines. While they do not apply in all disciplines, learning these guidelines can still help students, who will find it easier to learn a second method of citation once theyve already mastered a first (High School MLA 45).

Kinds of Citations Parenthetical citation Parenthetical citation A brief identification of source A brief identification of source Guides reader to correct source listing on Works Cited page Guides reader to correct source listing on Works Cited page Bibliographic citation Bibliographic citation Provides complete publication information Provides complete publication information Listed alphabetically at the end of a paper Listed alphabetically at the end of a paper You must have BOTH! You must have BOTH!

Contents of Parenthetical Citation The first element of the Works Cited citation The first element of the Works Cited citation Page or paragraph number Page or paragraph number NOTHING ELSE!!!! NOTHING ELSE!!!!

Parenthetical Citation Practice Milgram, Stanley. The Perils of Obedience. Freshman Composition and Literature Student Pages: Unit 4. Comp. Bellevue, WA: Bellevue School District, Print. (Milgram 48) Hurst, James. The Scarlet Ibis. Freshman Composition and Literature Student Pages: Unit 4. Comp. Bellevue, WA: Bellevue School District, Print. (Hurst 71) Introduction to Bystander Apathy. Freshman Composition and Literature Student Pages: Unit 4. Bellevue, WA: Bellevue School District, Print. (Introduction to Bystander Apathy 31) I Kept Saying, Help Me, Help Me. But No One Did. Freshman Composition and Literature Student Pages: Unit 4. Comp. Bellevue, WA: Bellevue School District, Print. (I Kept Saying 34)

Parenthetical Citation Placement: Paraphrase and Summary The citation appears at the end of the sentence but inside the period In the first chapter, George watches disapprovingly as Lennie drinks like an animal from what may be a stagnant pool of water. In the first chapter, George watches disapprovingly as Lennie drinks like an animal from what may be a stagnant pool of water (Steinbeck 3).

Direct Quotation in the Middle of a Sentence Note the citation appears at the end of the sentence but inside the period George watches disapprovingly as Lennie drinks with long gulps, snorting into the water like a horse, from a still pool of water. George watches disapprovingly as Lennie drinks with long gulps, snorting into the water like a horse, from a still pool of water (Steinbeck 3).

Direct Quotation at the End of a Sentence The citation appears at the end of the sentence, outside the quotation marks but inside the period No period inside the quotation marks George watches disapprovingly as Lennie drinks from a still pool of water with long gulps, snorting into the water like a horse. George watches disapprovingly as Lennie drinks from a still pool of water with long gulps, snorting into the water like a horse (Steinbeck 3).

Direct Quotation at the End of a Question The citation appears at the end of the question, outside the quotation marks but inside the question mark! No period inside the quotation marks Why is Lennie described as drinking with long gulps, snorting into the water like a horse ? Why is Lennie described as drinking with long gulps, snorting into the water like a horse (Steinbeck 3)?

Direct Quotation: Question at the End of a Sentence Note the citation appears at the end of the sentence, outside the quotation marks but inside the period! If the quotation itself ends with a ? or !, keep that inside the quotation marks and include a period after the citation! Although George seems to have answered repeatedly, Lennie continues to ask, Where we goin, George? Although George seems to have answered repeatedly, Lennie continues to ask, Where we goin, George? (Steinbeck 4).