DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Dr. B.B.Sarkar, Debika Bhowmik ICRTA,IGNOU,AGARTALA

Major Nematode & Deficiency diseases: DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Major Nematode & Deficiency diseases: UFRA OR RICE STEM NEMATODE ROOT KNOT NEMATODE KHAIRA DISEASE

UFRA OR RICE STEM NEMATODE DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY UFRA OR RICE STEM NEMATODE Local Name: Ufra rog Causal organism: Ditylenchus angustus.Butler. Ufra disease of paddy

Epidemiology: Mainly occurs in deep water rice area. DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Epidemiology: Mainly occurs in deep water rice area. Frequent irrigation favour the disease spread. Sanitation and change in traditional cultural practices reduces diseases incidence. Submersion of crop and high relative humidity favour infestation.

Symptoms: The disease is common in transplanted rice field. DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Symptoms: The disease is common in transplanted rice field. Affected plants show whitish discoloration (chlorosis) at the early stage of infection. The nematode feeds ectoparasitically causing malformation, stunting, distortion of stem, leaf sheath, leaf and panicles. The peduncle coils and depicels bear distoreted sterile spikelets. The characteristic lesions may appear on stem and upper notes also. In Tripura the disease is commonly observed in the second Kharif rice field.

Root knot nematode disease of paddy DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY ROOT KNOT NEMATODE Local Name: Shikorer granthi rog Causal organism: Meloidogyne graminicola. Root knot nematode disease of paddy

DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Epidemiology: Nematode can survive in common grassy weeds of rice field. Soil amendment with vermicompost, water hyacinth compost disfavors the disease. Mono crop of rice is favourable for disease development. Crop rotation with leguminous crop or green manuring decreases nematode infestation. Mixed crop with marigold or application of neem cake reduces nematode population in soil.

DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Symptoms: The disease's mainly observed in nurseries and upland paddy field. The nematode is a endoparasite and living inside the root causing small galls. Affected plants are stunted and yellow in colour. In severe infection club shaped galls appear on the roots. Growth of the root retarted, profuse side roots develop. Plant growth vigour also retarted with yellowing colour of leaf blades, number of tillers and production of grains also reduced.

Khaira disease of paddy DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY KHAIRA DISEASE Local Name: Khoyra rog Cause: Zinc deficiency. Khaira disease of paddy

DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Epidemiology In acid soil when pH increases following flooding, crop show prominent zinc deficiency symptoms in the field. Increase iron, calcium, magnesium, copper, manganese and phosphorus in soil increases disease intensity. Intensive cultivation with high doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potashic fertilizers without application of zinc favor the disease development. Disease is more prevalent in laterate soil. Coarse textured soil favor the disease. Stubbles left in the field and decompose during and after transplanting of rice seedlings is congenial for development of zinc deficiency symptom in the field.

DIAGNOSTIC FIELD GUIDE FOR NEMATODE AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES OF PADDY Symptoms: Khaira disease is often associated in newly reclaimed field or heavy ill drained soil or high intensive rice cultivated area of Tripura and related to low availability of Zinc to the plant. The disease occurs in the nursery and in main field just after transplanting. The leaves of nutrient deficient plants show chlorosis at the base; large numbers of minute brown or bronze spots appear on the leaf lamina surface. The spots coalesce with each other and entire leaf turn bronze colour and ultimately dried up. Root growth is restricted and color turned to brown. In chronic zinc deficiency area, generally plant become stunted in growth, number of tillers are reduced and produce no ear head, if produce grain maturity is delayed