ANALYSIS, DESIGN & ESTIMATION OF residential building with p.v installation under the guidance of Mr. S.Bhanu Prakash, M.Tech Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering by G. Divyasri ( ) S. Hari Prasad ( ) G.srinu ( ) S. Hari Sankar ( ) G.kiran ( )

P.V INSTALATION  PHOTO: light  VOLTAIC: voltage  A Photovoltaic system is also P.V. System or solar power system is designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaic's.  It consists of an arrangement of several components including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity.  It should be placed on south direction only.

TYPES OF SOLAR CELL There are 3 types of solar cell 1. Mono crystalline 2. Poly crystalline 3. Amorphous/ Thin film  Mono crystalline : It is made of highest grade silicon. Efficiency is in the range of 15-22%.  Poly crystalline : The amount of waste silicon is less compared to mono crystalline. Efficiency is in the range of 13-16%.  Amorphous/ Thin film: only 1% of silicon is used in crystalline. Efficiency is in the range of 6-8%.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Eliminates or reduces utility bills. Easy installation Low maintenance Clean energy Solar energy is unlimited & available everywhere. Receive money for excess power. Initial cost Solar power is produced during the day. Storage of power. POLYCRYSTALLINE

ELECTRICAL PLAN

VARIOUS ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS Equipment No. of equip Rating(W) No. of hrs/day Power/day Energy in Wh Television Refrigerator Fans AC Computer Tube lights Bulbs Washing machine others TOTAL POWER/DAY 6416 W/day TOTAL ENERGY/DAY Wh/ day

LAYOUT OF P.V INSTALLATION

REQUIREMENTS FOR P.V INSTALLATION CHARGE CONTROL UNIT: The function of an charge controller is to protect battery from charging and over discharging. It is used between SPV module and battery. To increase the battery life time by regulating the voltage and it gives information regarding the state of charge of battery.

BATTERIES: A battery is a device consisting of two or more electrochemical cells that converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries are 2 types – 1. primary, 2. secondary. Secondary batteries are stores and deliveries energy and also rechargeable by passing current through it opposite direction. so these are used in p.v installation. INVERTER : An inverter is an electrical circuit which convert DC power into AC power, while at the same time regulating the voltage, current and frequency of signal. Inverters are 2 types – 1. H bridge Inverter 2. three phase Inverter H bridge Inverter are used in p.v installation.

DESIGNED DATA FOR P.V INSTALLATION Total energy: 54906Wh/day Inverter capacity: 96v - 9.2kvA Battery capacity: 12v - 200Ah 8 batteries are in series 4 batteries are in parallel Solar panel capacity:96v - 300wp 20 panels- 5 are in parallel 4 are in series Charge control unit capacity: 96v – 42A

COST BENEFITS The three main types of solar power systems 1. On- grid/grid-tie /grid feed system 2. Off- grid/stand alone power system 3. Hybrid connection system ON-GRID SYSTEM: 1.This solar systems are by far the most common and widely used by homes and businesses. 2.These systems are connected to the public electricity grid and do not require battery storage. 3. Any solar power that you generate from an on-grid system is exported onto the electricity grid and you usually get paid a feed- in- tariff (FiT) for the energy you export.

OFF-GRID SYSTEM: 1. An Off- grid system is not connected to the electricity grid and therefore requires battery storage. 2. The high cost of batteries and inverters means off- grid systems are much more expensive than on-grid systems. 3. However battery costs are reducing rapidly, so there is now a growing market for off- grid solar battery systems even in cities and towns.

HYBRID SYSTEM: 1. Modern hybrid systems combine solar and battery storage in one and are now available in many different forms and configurations. 2. This means being able to store solar energy that is generated during the day and using it at night. 3. When the stored energy is depleted, the grid is there as a back up, allowing consumers to have the best of both worlds. 4. These are also able to charge the batteries using cheap off- peak electricity (usually after midnight to 6am)

HYBRID SOLAR SYSTEM

SUBSIDIES FROM GOVERNMENT Renewable Energy Development Corporation of A.P, said for every KW of power installed on the roof will generate 1000 to 1200 units a year. The cost of a system ranging from Rs. One to Rs lakh per KW. We will have to pay half of this cost to setup the unit, which will have a pay back time of less than 7 yrs. Excess power generated by the system can be sold to be grid for about Rs 3 a unit. The new scheme in A.P which is promoting solar power, a solar roof top system of 1KW will cost Rs A 30% subsidy will be given by centre and 20% by state government.