Cellular Respiration

Cellular respiration is releasing energy from glucose and other foods in the presence of oxygen.

Occurs in the mitochondria of both animals and plants.

Cellular Respiration (aerobic) Energy->ATP and heat REACTANTS PRODUCTS

Reactants Products Glucose (C6H12O6) Energy (36 ATP) Oxygen (aerobic) Byproducts… -water -CO2 (carbon dioxide)

Cellular Respiration Starts with Glycolysis (process producing ATP molecules) It then goes in one of two directions depending on whether oxygen is available. If O2 is available -> Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle … Electron transport chain (all aerobic) If O2 is NOT available -> Fermentation (anaerobic)

Aerobic: process which requires oxygen

Fast Facts… Glycolysis (1st step in respiration) is very fast, can produce thousands of ATP molecules in under a second!

Rigor Mortis Why do dead vertebrate animals become stiff shortly after death? Body ceases (stops) doing cellular respiration. No ATP produced. No energy for muscle movement.

Anaerobic respiration (fermentation) Releasing energy from food by producing ATP w/out oxygen 2 types of fermentation 1) alcoholic fermentation (plants, bacteria) -produces alcohol and CO2 2) lactic acid fermentation (animals) -produced in muscles during rapid exercise…

Alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation – yeast use this, they run out of oxygen, give off CO2 Lactic acid fermentation- oxygen not being supplied fast enough to muscle cells…ATP can’t be produced as quickly Thus, muscle cells must produce their own ATP by lactic acid fermentation

Evidence of alcoholic fermentation

GLYCOLOSIS -> Kreb’s Cycle -> E.T.C Summary… Aerobic Respiration GLYCOLOSIS -> Kreb’s Cycle -> E.T.C lots of ATP (36 per 1 glucose molecule) endurance no harmful effects

Anaerobic respiration (fermentation) little ATP (2 per glucose molecule) short bursts of energy lactic acid (animals) or alcohol (other organisms) is also made…both harmful

Gotta get that ATP! YOUtube video Click