Ionic Bonding

Ionic Bonding Ionic compounds are a metal cation(+) and an non-metal anion(-). The charge of each ion correlates to the number of electrons lost or gained. The two oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other by a force called an ionic bond.

Ionic Properties / Structure Ionic compounds are usually solids and form ionic crystals. These are more commonly known as salts

General properties High melting point Many are brittle When ionic compounds are dissolved in water they conduct electricity.

How an Ionic Bond Forms: Example- Li Li + F F -

How an Ionic Bond Forms: Example 2 O Na Na Na O 2 Na

HOW TO MAKE CHEMICAL FORMULA’s OF IONIC COMPOUNDS The Cross Over Rule Step 1. Write the symbols, with the metal first (the element with the positive charge) Mg I Step 2. Write the Ionic charge above each symbol to indicate the stable ion that each element forms. 2+ 1- Mg I

Step 3. Draw an arrow from the metals charge to the non-metal and an arrow from the non-metal charge to the metal. (Cross over the arrows) 2+ 1- Mg I

Step 4. Fill in the number of atoms from each element will have by following the arrows. If need be reduce to lowest terms. MgI2 (if the number crossed is a 1, the 1 is not shown)

Example 2- Try yourself Ca O

Example 3- Try yourself Zr O

Example 4- Try yourself Al S

Example 5- Try yourself Sr N

Example 6- Try yourself Mo P

IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds. It is maintained by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

Ionic Monoatomic Compounds: IUPAC Naming Consists of two types of single atom ions The metal ion is always written first and retains its whole name The non-metal is written second and has a slight change, the ending is changed to –ide Do not write ones (e.g. Na1Cl1) and if both elements have the same number reduce to lowest terms (Ca2O2­ = CaO)