Changing the Constitution Unit Objective Civics & Economics Changing the Constitution Unit Notes & Summaries Unit Compare & Contrast Unit Graphs & Models Unit Group Activities Unit Organizers Unit Classwork & Practice Unit Testing & Analysis

Constitutional Amendments The Amendment Process is similar to a wedding arrangement. First there must be a proposal, then ratification, or an acceptance.

1st Amendment- RAPPS R-RELIGION A-ASSEMBLY P-PRESS P-PETITION S-SPEECH

Issues Separation of Church and State “Practicing” religion “Official” religion

Wall of Separation Creates a wall between church and state. No interferences Establishment Clause- Congress cannot establish an “official” religion. Free Exercise Clause- nor can they prohibit you from exercising any religion

Issues What constitutes “Speech?????”

2ND AMENDMENT RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS No assault weapons On certain property AND A MILITIA

Issues Balance of rights vs. protection Gun Control School shootings

3RD AMENDMENT NO QUARTERING OF TROOPS DURING PEACETIME

4TH AMENDMENT PROTECTION AGAINST UNREASONABLE SEARCH AND SEIZURE BY POLICE WARRANT PROBABLE CAUSE RIGHT TO PRIVACY

Issues “Reasonable” “Privacy” Abortion

5TH AMENDMENT Due Process = fair trial Indictment by a grand jury- tells you what you are being charged with. Self incrimination- right to remain silent No Double jeopardy Eminent domain- gov’t can take your property for public use pay you for it.

Issues What is the process?

6th AMENDMENT Speedy and public trial. Call witnesses in your favor. Lawyer to help you Trial by impartial jury

Issues What if you cant afford a lawyer? What constitutes a jury of “peers”?

7th Amendment Right to a trial by jury in a civil case (lawsuit) if $20 or more.

8TH AMENDMENT NO CRUEL OR UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT NOR EXCESSIVE BAIL OR FINES

Issues What is cruel? What is unusual?

9TH AMENDMENT PEOPLE’S RIGHTS AMENDMENT IF IT IS NOT LISTED…YOU STILL HAVE THE RIGHT TO DO SO

Issues Abortion

10TH AMENDMENT STATES RIGHTS IF IT IS NOT LISTED…IF IT NOT GIVEN TO FEDERAL GOV’T…THEN IT IS A RIGHT OF THE STATES. RESERVED POWERS EDUCATION MARRIAGE DRIVER’S LICENSE

Top 10 List The Bill of Rights Create a top 10 list with the amendments in the Bill of Rights. Put the amendment you believe to be the most important right as your number 1 amendment and the one you feel is unnecessary to be your number 10

Categorizing the Amendments With a partner, using amendments 11 – 27 group those amendments that are similar into groups. Make sure that you give each group a title based on the things the amendments have in common. You can use amendments more than once and some groups will have up to six amendments in them.

Civil War Amendments 13 – Abolition of Slavery 14 – Citizenship rights to slaves, and equal protection for all minorities. Known as “little Bill of Rights” 15 – Right to vote for slaves, and all minorities.

Suffrage = right to vote Suffrage Amendments Suffrage = right to vote 15 – Minorities right to vote (1870) 19 – Women right to vote (1919) 23 – District of Columbia get Electors 24 – Abolition of Poll Tax (1964) 26 – Lowered voting age to 18 (1971) 22 – President serves 2 terms once elected

Other Amendments 16 = Income Tax 22 = President - two consecutive terms 18 = Prohibition 21 = Repeal Prohibition

Cases that influenced American History Supreme Court Cases Cases that influenced American History

Marbury v Madison Marbury v Madison Established Judicial Review Power to declare laws unconstitutional John Marshall

Brown Plessy Separate but equal Banned segregation from public schools Desegregated schools Integrated public schools Outlawed segregation Overturned Plessy v Fergusson

School Cases School Cases Tinker v Des Moines Swann v Charlotte Meck Symbolic Speech Wallace v Jaffree Prayer in school illegal New Jersey v TLO Locker searches in school Brown v Board of Education Integrated public schools Hazelwood v Kuhlmeier School censorship Swann v Charlotte Meck Busing in schools is ok

Rights of the Accused Court Cases Accused Rights Miranda v Arizona Suspect must be read his rights Mapp v Ohio Must have search warrant to use evidence In re Gualt Gives juveniles the same rights as adults Gideon v Wainwright Right to a lawyer, attorney, counsel Furman v Georgia Electric Chair considered cruel and unusual

Federal Supremacy Court Cases McCulloch v Maryland National bank Gibons v Ogden Interstate commerce Federal Supremacy

Rights taken away Court Cases Korematsu v US Concentration Camp Schenck v US Freedom of press taken away Rights taken away

Amendments & Court Cases 1st Amendment Enter Here 4th Amendment 6th Amendment 8th Amendment 9th Amendment 14th Amendment

Amendments & Court Cases 1st Amendment Tinker v Des Moines Schenck v US Wallace v Jaffree Abington Schools Hazelwood Texas v Johnson 4th Amendment Mapp v Ohio New Jersey v TLO 6th Amendment Gideon Miranda v Arizona 8th Amendment Furman v Georgia 9th Amendment Roe v Wade 14th Amendment Dred Scott Case Brown v Board Plessy Swann v Charlotte Meck Korematsu v US

Write a essay based on Which group of amendments are the most important to you. Which amendment would you change if you could. Which amendment do you feel had the greatest impact on America. Why? If you could make a new amendment what would it be?