1960’s

Election of 1960 JFK and LBJ - Democratic Richard Nixon - Republican Televised debates Extremely close but the Camelot family wins!!!

Domestic Record Defense and space spending Lacked votes in Congress for major change Not an environmentalist

Civil Rights CORE and their “freedom rides” University of Mississippi Birmingham incident March on Washington

March on Washington

Politics Abroad Atlantic Community Massive military build-up Peace Corp Bay of Pigs Berlin Wall

How about a game of nuclear chicken? Cuban Missile Crisis Naval blockade SU continued to send ships with weapons Krushchev blinks first Hot Line Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Vietnam More weapons and “advisors” Helped with a coup to overthrow Diem Kennedy’s next course of action? We’ll never know

Parade turned ugly! November 22, 1963 Lee Harvey Oswald Jack Ruby Warren Investigation Oswald acted alone

The Great Society Reduced Income taxes Civil Rights Act of 1964 War on Poverty Employment Opportunity Commission

Election of 1964 Democrat - Johnson Republican - Goldwater (extreme conservative) Johnson appeared more moderate and won

Warren Court One black justice, Thurgood Marshall (1962) Major decisions (Yellow 976)

Voting Rights Act of 1965 Freedom Summer (1964) harassed MFDP to challenge democratic convention Compromise with two at large seats Law signed August 1965

Violent Protests LA (Watts Riot) Ghetto outbreaks throughout North Detroit Why now? Focus change Nature of the inner city

Black Power Malcolm X Black Panthers Separate yourselves Armed self-defense Black Panthers

Other Power Native Americans - Red Power Declaration of Purposes Mexican Americans - Brown Power Cesar Chavez Women - NOW Freedom trash cans New vocab

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution July 1964 Air strikes President is given authority to “take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against U.S. and to prevent future aggression”

Operation Rolling Thunder Sustained ineffective bombing of N. Vietnam Johnson committed 485,000 American combat troops by end of 1967

Opposition Began on college campuses TV coverage fueled opposition Hawks v. Doves (Hawks always in the majority)

Tet Offensive January 1968 Sudden Vietcong attack Military victory but diplomatic loss Johnson’s own party questioned him

Election of 1968 Kennedy shot and V.P. Hubert Humprey gained democratic nomination Nixon - Republican American Independent Party War wasn’t an Issue Nixon a minority President