Force and Motion http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/forces-and-motion/force-and-motion.htm

http://www. kidsknowit. com/educational-songs/play-educational-song http://www.kidsknowit.com/educational-songs/play-educational-song.php?song=Sir%20Isaac%20Newton Sir Isaac Newton A mathematician and scientist, Newton lived in England during the 1600’s. He published his observations and theories about force and motion in 1867. Even though his document is hundreds of years old now, the laws he presented are still the foundation of modern physics. http://www.biography.com/people/isaac-newton-9422656/videos/isaac-newton-mini-biography-27463235524

Newton’s First Law of Motion An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside, unbalanced force. http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/forces-and-motion/inertia.htm

The object that appears to stay in place is a reference point. Motion When an object changes position over time when compared with a reference point, the object is in motion. The object that appears to stay in place is a reference point. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9G1dhkRJ3ak&index=1&list=PLqTEqBBPoqwVTbS_6i2lsAmWTaW9312Fl

A force is a push or pull in a particular direction. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/5_6/pushes_pulls.shtml

Continuous Force – a force constantly applied to an object. Two Types of Forces: Continuous Force – a force constantly applied to an object. Momentary Force – when one object collides with another object causing a change in velocity. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/6_7/forces_movement.shtml

Let’s Review Key Concepts http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks1/science/forces/play/popup.shtml

Forces can cause objects to: Start moving. Move faster. Move slower. Stop moving. Change directions. Change shapes. http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks1/science/forces/play/popup.shtml

Balanced Forces 1. The forces shown above are PUSHING / PULLING forces. 2. The forces shown above are WORKING TOGETHER / OPPOSITE FORCES. 3. The forces are EQUAL / NOT EQUAL. 4. The forces DO / DO NOT balance each other. 5. The resultant force is 500 N TO THE RIGHT / 500N TO THE LEFT /ZERO. 6. There IS / IS NO motion. 500 N 500 N The forces are balanced, and the net force is zero. Therefore, there is no motion.

Unbalanced Forces 7. The forces shown above are PUSHING / PULLING forces. 8. The forces shown above are WORKING TOGETHER / OPPOSITE FORCES. 9. The forces are EQUAL / NOT EQUAL. 10. The forces DO / DO NOT balance each other. 11. The stronger force is pulling to the RIGHT / LEFT. 12. The weaker force is pulling to the RIGHT / LEFT. 13. Motion is to the RIGHT / LEFT. 200 N 1,000 N The forces are unbalanced and have a net force of 800N. Therefore, there will be motion to the right.

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/forces-and-motion-basics Net Forces https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/forces-and-motion-basics Force to the Right Force to the Left Net Force Direction 80 N 90 N 30 N 10 N 15 N 25 N 60 N 72 N 20 N 70 N https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/by-level/middle-school

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/8_9/friction.shtml Friction Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching. This is the force that brings nearly everything to a stop. http://www.kidsknowit.com/educational-songs/play-educational-song.php?song=What Is Friction

Types of Friction Rolling friction Sliding friction Fluid friction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5f7SyvHUac&index=2&list=PLqTEqBBPoqwVTbS_6i2lsAmWTaW9312Fl

Inertia or Would you rather push… http://pbskids.org/sid/videoplayer.html Inertia All objects resist having their motion changed. This tendency to resist a change in motion is called inertia. The more mass an object has, the greater its inertia. Newton’s First Law of Motion is sometimes called the Law of Inertia. Would you rather push… or

Newton’s Second Law of Motion The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied. http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/forces-and-motion/acceleration.htm

Acceleration Depends on Mass Acceleration is the change in the speed and direction of an object. An objects acceleration decreases as its mass increases and its acceleration increases as its mass decreases. Which cart would be easier to push? Why? or

Acceleration Depends on Force An object’s acceleration increases as the force on it increases. An object’s acceleration decreases as the force on it decreases. If you wanted this shopping cart to accelerate quickly, would you give it a small push or a large push?

Would it be easier to stop a bus or a car? If they were both traveling at the same speed, the car would be easier to stop because it has less momentum or the combination of the mass and speed of the object.

Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration Speed – rate at which an object moves Velocity – the speed of an object in a particular direction Acceleration – the change in the speed and direction (velocity) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRb5PSxJerM

Potential and Kinetic Energy http://www.kidsknowit.com/educational-songs/play-educational-song.php?song=Kinetic And Potential Energy Potential and Kinetic Energy Potential energy is energy stored in an object. Kinetic energy is energy in motion. The more potential energy, the more kinetic energy. http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078600472/160350/00035807.html http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078600472/161752/00035806.html http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/energy-and-matter.htm

Energy Skate Park Simulation https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/energy-skate-park-basics

Newton’s Third Law of Motion Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first. Swimmer goes up Diving board goes down

http://studyjams. scholastic http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/forces-and-motion/action-and-reaction.htm All forces act in pairs. If a force is exerted, another force occurs that is equal in size and opposite direction. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

http://glencoe. mcgraw-hill http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078600472/161752/00035803.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkAO8F-Tm-w&list=PLqTEqBBPoqwVTbS_6i2lsAmWTaW9312Fl&index=3

Applying Newton’s Laws to Flight http://www.kidsknowit.com/educational-songs/play-educational-song.php?song=That Is How A Jet Plain Flies

Applying Newton’s Law to Flight Lift – pushes the plane up Thrust – pushes the plane forward Drag – slows the plane down Weight – amount of gravity on the plane http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=22990

Gravitational Force Gravity is a force of attraction or pull between any two objects. All objects fall to the ground at the same rate because the acceleration due to gravity is the same for all objects (9.8 m/s). http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/forces-and-motion/fgravity-and-inertia.htm

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them. Increasing the masses increases the force, and increasing the distance decreases the force. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4N0Lm1ULeg8&list=PLqTEqBBPoqwVTbS_6i2lsAmWTaW9312Fl&index=4

http://www. kidsknowit. com/educational-songs/play-educational-song http://www.kidsknowit.com/educational-songs/play-educational-song.php?song=The Gravity Song Mass and Weight Mass is the amount of matter in an object and its value does not change. Measured with a balance Recorded in kilograms Weight is the measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object. Measured with a spring scale Recorded in Newtons

http://www. bbc. co. uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/10_11/forces_action http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/10_11/forces_action.shtml Air Resistance Air resistance occurs between the surface of the falling object and the air that surrounds it. Type of Fluid Friction The amount of air resistance acting on an object depends on the size and shape of the object. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/10_11/forces_action.shtml

May the Force be With You! Activity Force(s) Bike skidding on the road Jumping off a diving board Skiing downhill Shooting a basketball Getting out of a chair Opening a can of soda (x2) Brushing your hair (x2)

May the Force be With You! Activity Force Riding a see saw Drinking out of a straw Sliding into a baseball base Tractor stopping in a muddy field Opening a door (x2) Sliding down a slide Removing a nail from the wall Paddling in a paddleboat

Use Your New Knowledge of Physics to Design a Roller Coaster http://www.learner.org/interactives/parkphysics/parkphysics.html

Magnetism South pole North Pole http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/energy-light-sound/magnetism.htm North Pole https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xwZmpBvUTk&index=50&list=PLDFAAB53FAC40EF9D

Different poles will pull together or attract one another. Magnetism Different poles will pull together or attract one another. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/7_8/magnets_springs.shtml

Magnetism If the poles are the same, then they will push apart or repel one another. http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/gamesactivities/detectivescience/magnets.html

Apply Your Knowledge of Forces and Motion http://www-g.eng.cam.ac.uk/mmg/teaching/peterstidwill/interact/resources/parkworldplot.htm