Introduction to Computing Lecture-07-Software Muhammad Hafeez Department of Computer Science GC University Lahore

Today’s Agenda Software Types of Software

Software A set of computer programs and procedures and associated documents. Software Package: A group of programs that solves a specific problem e.g. Word Processing Software, Spread Sheet Software

Types of Software System Software Application Software

System Software A set of one or more programs that controls the operations of a computer or extend the capability of computer. Support development of other application programs Support Execution of other application programs Monitor effective use of hardware resource CPU, memory and peripheral devices for application programs Communicate with peripheral devices

Types of System Software Operating System Language Translating Software Network Software Utility Programs

Application Programs A set of one or programs which solves a specific problem e.g. word processing, payroll processing system Common application program softwares Word processing Spreadsheet Database Graphics/ Multimedia Personal assistance Education Entertainment

Firmware A sequence of instructions called microcode, that is used as substitution for hardware when cost is more important than performance. For example, when multiplication is desired by addition circuit, the designer of system write microcode in computer ROM to perform multiplication by repeated use of addition circuit.

Middleware In distributed computing a middle layer than acts as ‘glue’ between client machines and server machine for better handling of resources. Middleware supports heterogeneous devices connection to same server

Logical System Architecture

Availability of Software Retail Software: A mass-produced, copyrighted software that meets the needs of wide variety of users such as operating system Custom Software: Tailored made software that performs functions specific to an organization

Availability of Software Web App: Accessed from web server through browser. Mobile Apps: Accessed on mobile phone Mobile Web App: A web app accessed on mobile

Availability of Software Shareware: A copyrighted software distributed free or for a trial period. After the trial period ends the customer has to pay the developer of the software. Sometimes a scaled down version is available as free and customer has to pay for fully functional software. Freeware: A copyrighted software distributed for free. The customer cannot redistribute freeware as the original developer holds copyright.

Availability of Software Open Source Software: A software provided with source code for use, modification and redistribution. It does not have any copyright restrictions. GPL (General Public License) for GNU a special licensing system for OSS that keep track of changes in software. Public Domain Software: A software donated by research/ academic community without copyright restrictions for use, modification and redistribution for free.

Acquiring Software Pre-Written Software: Customized Software: Less cost Productivity enhancement immediately Sometimes do not meet specific needs of users Customized Software: Outsource In-House Development In outsource if the vendor provides hardware/ software its called end-to-end solution. In-house development team is expensive, outsourcing maintenance increase dependability on vendor.

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