CONVENTIONAL CHARMONIA Section Editors BaBar: Riccardo Faccini Belle: Pavel Pakhlov Theory: Nora Brombilla

Outline of the section. 0. Introduction Observation of new conventional charmonium states 1.1 c(2S) 1.2 c2 (2P) 1.3 X(3940)/X(4160) 1.4 X(4630) 2. Observation of new decay modes of known charmonia 2.1 c   2.2 ψ(4415)  DD2 2.3 ψ(4040/4160)  DD, DD*, D*D* 3. Measurements of parameters (mass, width, Br) 3.1 c mass and width, transition FF 3.2 J/ψ: Γee, Γtot from ISR 3.3 c0 and c2 3.4 ψ(3770) mass and width 4. Production 4.1 in two body B-decays (interfere with B  charm) 4.2 in ee annihilation (interfere with fragmentation) 4.3 in gamma-gamma 4.4 in ee annihilation at threshold (ISR) 5. Theoretical insights From pedagogic point of view, it is better to start from “Production”

Conventional charmonium How to distinguish from exotic charmonium? We live in the era, when any newly observed particle is by default an exotic. You need to prove that it can fit the quark model. We are still disputing on inclusion of these states in our section: c(2S) c2 (2P) X(3940) as c(3S) X(4160) as c(4S) X(4630) as ψ(5/6S) do not contradict to quark model, at least qualitatively “conventional” observation decay modes some theorists agree that these can be conventional charmonium states

n 2S+1LJ ...10 states were discovered before 1980, no one 1980-2002 Spin quarks Orbital momentum Total momentum n 2S+1LJ Radial excitation ...10 states were discovered before 1980, no one 1980-2002 J = S + L P = (–1)L+1 parity C = (–1)L+S charge conj. ...5 candidates to the standard charmonium have been observed since 2002 by BB hc have been observed by CLEO in 2003

BaBar & Belle papers related to c(2S) Reference Produced in Decays in Comments PRL 89, 102001 (2002) B-decay KSKπ First observation in B-decays PRL 89, 142001 (2002) e+e–  J/ X inclusive Confirmation evidence in double charmonium PRL 92, 142002 (2004) γγ Observation in γγ PRD 72, 0311001 (2006) Measurement of mass and Γ in double charmnoium PRL 96, 052002 (2006) Measurement of absolute BR PRL 98, 082001 (2007) Mass measurement in double charmonium PRD 98, 012006 (2008) Measurement of mass and Γ in B-decays + CLEO PRL 92, 142001 (2004) γγ KSKπ Observation in γγ

c(2S) B  (KSK) K γγ  (KSK) c(2S) e+e– J/ X e+e– J/ X M = 2654  6  8 MeV/c2  < 55 MeV M = 3630.8  3.4  1.0 MeV/c2  = 17.0  8.3  2.5 MeV B  (KSK) K γγ  (KSK) c(2S) M = 2630  12 MeV/c2 M = 3645  5.5  7.9 MeV/c2  = 22  14 MeV e+e– J/ X e+e– J/ X

c(2S) parameters Mass Total width γγ width 6±12 MeV (CLEO) 17± 8 MeV (BaBar) PDG average: Γ = (14 ± 7) MeV γγ width Only CLEO result is used in PDG Absolute Br Br (c(2S)  KSKπ) = (1.9 ± 1.2) × 10− 2 Derived by PDG from BaBar measurements of Br(B+ → ηc(2S) K+) × Br(ηc(2S) → KKπ) and absolute Br( B+ → ηc(2S) K+ )

c2’ in  e+ γ e– D χс2’ Reference Produced in Decays in Comments PRL 96, 082003 (2006) γγ DD First observation in γγ, J-determination Mass, Γ, Γγγ measurements arXiv:1002.0281 Observation in γγ,

Helicity angle distribution 2006, Belle M = 3931  4  2 MeV/c2  = 20  8  3 MeV Helicity angle distribution consistent with J=2 J=0 disfavored 2010, BaBar M = 3926.7  2.7  1.1 MeV/c2  = 21.3  6.8  3.6 MeV Mass is 50-100 MeV lower than potential model predictions; width and Γγγ are in agreement with theory

X(3940) and X(4160) in e+e− → J/ D*D(*) References PRL 98, 082001 (2007) PRL 100, 202001 (2008) M = 3942 ±6 MeV tot =37 ±12 MeV +7 −6 +26 −15 decay to open charm final states like conventional charmonium production mechanism fix C=+1 known states produced in e+e− → J/ cc have J=0 not seen in DD decay, exclude JPC=0++ Plausible assignments are JPC=0–+ X(3940) = 31S0 = ηc(3S) X(4160) = 41S0 = ηc(4S) For both X(3940) and X(4160) the masses predicted by the potential models are ~100250 MeV higher 6.0  X(3940) → DD* M= 4156 15 MeV tot = 139 21 MeV +25 −20 +111 − 61 5.5  X(4160) → D*D* ArXiv:0810.0358 PRL 98, 082001 X(3940) ≠ Y(3940) 10

X(4630) in e+e–→Λc+Λc– γISR References PRL 101, 172001 (2008) JPC=1– – dibaryon threshold effect or state? the shape differs from those for light baryon-antibaryon production at threshold (ee→ΛΛ, ee→pp) Plausible assignments are X(4630) = ψ(5S) or ψ(6S) e+e–→Λc+Λc– γISR X(4630) ≡ Y(4660)? 11

Observation of new decay modes State Produced in Decays in Reference ηc B  ηcK ΛΛ PRL 97, 162003 (2006) ψ(4415) ISR DD2 PRL 100, 062001 (2008) ψ(4040) ψ(4160) DD, DD*, D*D* PRD 79, 092001 (2009) DD e+e–→D(*)D(*)γISR DD* e+e–→DD2γISR B ()K D*D* BR = (10.5 ± 2.4 ± 3.8)%

Parameters (M, width, Br) of known charmonia State Produced in Decays in Measured Reference ηc γγ  KSKπ M, Γ PRL 92, 142002 (2004) B  ηcK(*) PRL 90, 071801 (2003) γγ*  M, Γ, FF, Γγγ PRD 81, 052010 (2010) B  ηcK KKπ, K*Kπ, pp J/, ηc B  J/(ηc)K pp, ΛΛ M, Γ, Br PRL 97, 162003 (2006) ηc, χc0 e+e–  J/ X exclusive M PRL 98, 082001 (2007) pp M, Γ, Γγγ PLB 621, 41 (2005) ηc, χc0, χc2 4K, 2K2π, 4π EPJ C53, 1 (2008) γγ Brγγ PLB 662, 323 (2008) Many papers: do not need to describe the analyses (hopefully will be well described in other sections TWO-PHOTON, ) just review

Br (c  γγ) and γγ-width c parameters Mass Total width Absolute Br Br (c  γγ) and γγ-width B (γγ)K γγ  pp B  K(cc) Br (c  KSKπ) = (8.5 ± 1.8 ) × 10− 2

Also γγ-width at Q2=0; to be included in PDG c transition FF tagged data tag 2< Q2<50 GeV2 Also γγ-width at Q2=0; to be included in PDG

and χc0, χc2 in γγ J/ψ in ISR Γtot = (93.7 ± 3.5) keV State Produced in Decays in Measured Reference J/ ISR μμ Γee, Γtot PRL 97, 162003 (2006) Γtot = (93.7 ± 3.5) keV  Γee = (5.57 ± 0.19) keV  Similar accuracy to CLEO measurement and better than BES and χc0, χc2 in γγ State Produced in Decays in Measured Reference χc2 γγ  J/ γ Γγγ*Br PLB 540, 33 (2002) χc0, χc2 KSKS PLB 651, 15 (2007) ηc, χc0, χc2 4K, 2K2π, 4π Γγγ*Br, M, Γ EPJ C53, 1 (2008)

ψ(3770) Produced in Decays in Measured Reference ISR DD M, Γ PRD 76, 111105 (2007) B  ψ(3770) K PRL 100,092001 (2008) PRD 77, 011102 (2008) ψ(3770)

Production: two body B-decays State Produced in Decays in Measured Reference J/ B  J/ K* ℓℓ polar. PLB 538, 11 (2002) ηc B  ηcK KSKπ, KKπ, K*Kπ, pp Br(B  ) PRL 90, 071801 (2003) χc0 B  χc0K KK, ππ PRL 88, 031802 (2002) χc2 B  χc2X J/ γ PRL 89, 011803 (2002) B  χc2K(*) UL PLB 634, 155 (2006) (3770) B  (3770)K DD PRL 93,051803(2004) PRL 100, 092001 (2008) hc B  hcK ηc γ PRD 74, 012007 (2006) Production: ee annihilation State Produced in Decays in Measured Reference J/ e+e–  J/ X ℓℓ σ, p, θprod, θhel PRL 88, 031802 (2002) J/; (2S) e+e–  J/ 0?+ ℓℓ; J/ ππ σ, θprod, θhel PRD 70, 071102 (2004) ℓℓ; σ PRD 72, 0311001 (2006) e+e–  J/ cc PRL 89, 011803 (2002) PRD 79, 072004 (2009)

Contributors: principal authors of “observation” papers # of pages: rough estimate ~ 15 + 5 for the production