IHO, OGC and industry standards collaborations IHO S-100WG Jonathan Pritchard IIC Technologies 26th February 2019 Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium Standards update “If you cannot explain something in simple terms, you don't understand it.” Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

One does not simply “create data…..”???? an update on marine standards (mainly IHO based) but also some explaining. Why we do what we do An update on what we’re doing Where we’re taking it A bit about S-100 and the importance of the IHO geospatial registry Progress on some MDWG activities: S-121 Pilot project Marine Geopackage Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium Data Lifecycle Definitions Catalogue Validate IHO provides standards covering many activities ENC and ECDIS classic use case IHO S-57 “format” Who enables multiple uses of this data???? Capture Process Distribute Use Use Use outside primary domain? Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

MDWG & MSDIWG: Why is this important? OGC MDWG is driven from (Marine Spatial Data Infrastructures) MSDI Working Group Any consideration of MSDI concerns broader use of marine data (charter) Broader use = Use other than the primary goal = data which is “reusable” Requires Open, Interoperable Standards Understanding between different domains of definitions and content (Semantic Web?) Unique challenges in the marine domain: Existence of globally comprehensive definitions  High quality standards for sourcing, compilation and validation  Domain specific encoding standards  Land / Sea interfaces aren’t well defined  Use outside primary domains varies enormously  Economic considerations (cost, coverage, scale)   Framework for creating highly interoperable standards (S-100)  Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium Re-use of data Reuse Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

How we used to do MSDI / data reuse… Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium Data Reuse in action Feature Catalogues IHO Registry Use Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium Geospatial Registry Multiple domains Structured definitions, references, attributes (simple and complex), bindings and associations Auto generation of XML feature catalogues All derived from common ISO source Supported by domain control bodies and administered by IHO Harmonisation of content with submitting organisations Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium The Kitchen Analogy S-100 is like a kitchen GIS is like a 1950s kitchen. It works and you can cook most things S-100 is like buying a bunch of appliances to automate various tasks. You can make bread without a bread machine but it’s more labour intensive S-100 gives a framework of tools and technologies to enable: Definitions of concepts (features, their attributes) Broad variety of geometry Metadata How do we “understand” the meaning of those definitions? How can we learn what those catalogues represent? Semantic web…. Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium The Kitchen Analogy S-100 is like a kitchen GIS is like a 1950s kitchen. It works and you can cook most things in it. S-100 is like buying a bunch of appliances to automate various tasks to make your life easier particularly when faced with lots of difficult things to make. You can make bread without a bread machine but it’s more labour intensive and difficult! S-100 gives a framework of tools and technologies to enable: Definitions of concepts (features, their attributes) Broad variety of preset geometry Metadata preparation Premade encodings (ISO8211 and GML) How do we “understand” the meaning of those definitions? How can we learn what those catalogues represent? Semantic web…. Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

An Example: Maritime Limits and Boundaries The OGC pilot project is a key activity for MDWG Shows how an S-100 modelled product specification can benefit from OGC activities to define Use Cases Interoperability Model testing Web services distribution Has benefits beyond OGC standards development, can influence IHO processes too Pilot Project sponsorship is in place. CHS, NRCAN, GA and UKHO sponsors Current Status: Standard being approved to 1.0.0 (in IHO) Model in IHO registry Pilot project can launch with activities Report back to OGC and IHO, influence 2.0.0 release (live version) Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

What is IHO S-121 The S-100 product specification for Maritime Limits and Boundaries (MLB) Models features representing core of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 1982) Prime use case – state discharge of “depository obligations” under UNCLOS Secondary use cases for exchange between organisations and production of features for use in navigation Also contains features which “hook” into ISO19152 Land Administration Domain Model (for Land Cadastral Management) to enable integrated marine cadastre Comprehensive features for representing legal source documentation for UNCLOS features MLB is a foundation layer for MSDI and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP)

Foundation Layer – Marine Spatial Planning Ireland’s Marine Plan – October 2018 Shows multiple boundaries Economic and Environmental areas overlaid on MLB zones. Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

The Model… Comprehensive model of content Arranges features into groups: Geographic Baselines, Limits and Boundaries Zones (Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, Exclusive economic zones etc…) Generic (e.g. Zone, Point, Limit etc) to allow states to implement bespoke features Source Comprehensive information types holding source information (ISO19115) Rights Restrictions and Responsibilities information types (ISO19152) to model establishd legal structures for Zones, Limits and Boundaries Uses S-100 Level 3a geometry – topology to ensure coincident baselines, limits, boundaries and areas (zones) Reconciliation of content with existing charted features Geographic features are very basic with very few attributes (only those which help the legal documentation) S-101 Section 16 will be reviewed by S-121 PT and an input paper sent to ENCWG on gaps/crossovers and recommendations e.g. S-101 has no Boundary features, no baseline features and only Terrirotiral sea area and exclusive economic zone. S-121 doesn’t believe a lot of changes are required bu helpful documentation could be put into DCEG and some harmonisation features is required.

Exclusive Economic Zone Continental Shelf Roadstead High Sea The Area IHO S-121 Maritime Limits and Boundaries features: Points Baseline Points Boundary Points Limit Points Baselines Normal Straight Archipelagic Low Tide Elevation River Mouth Reef Bay Port Boundaries Boundary International Boundary Limits Territorial Sea Contiguous Zone Exclusive Economic Zone Continental Shelf Roadstead Strait Zones: Internal Waters Archipelagic Waters Territorial Sea Contiguous Zone Exclusive Economic Zone Continental Shelf Roadstead High Sea The Area Joint Development Area

ISO19115 Data Structures for recording legal source documentation

F Method B3 I I G F F F I G I G G G G (F2F association) Normal Baseline Name = baseline GA1-GA3 Method B3 I Additional Spatial Info locationByText= 23° 10’ 21” 135° 50’ 56” I Additional Spatial Info locationByText = 23° 04’ 35”S 135° 00’ 56”W G Composite Curve A Primitive = Curve Curve Segments = Curve A (Forward),Curve B(Forward) (F2F association) (F2F association) F Base Point 1 Name = GA1 Name = Passe de l’Oeust Sud F Base Point 2 Name = GA2 Name = Passe de l’Ouest Nord F Base Point 4 Name = GA3 I Additional Spatial Info - locationByText = loxodrome G Curve A Primitive = Curve Segment Start = Point A End = Point B G Curve B Primitive = Curve Segment Start = Point B End = Point C I Additional Spatial Info - locationByText = laisee de basse mer G Point A Primitive = point Location = 23.17416666 -135.12 G Point B Primitive = point Location = 23.07638 -135.015 Point C Primitive = point Location = 23.1725 -135.8488888 G

Limit e Limit boundary zone zone

Common management and production Definitions (registry) Catalogue Catalogue Capture Process Process Distribute Distribute Depository Obligation (S-121) Navigation (S-101) Use Use Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium Why is this important? INSPIRE Admin Units – EU regional SDI 14.C.1 Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium S-121 Pilot project https://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/mlbp Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Marine Geopackage – why? Validate Catalogue Definitions (registry) It would be great if this was in a common form! Geopackage container for Marine geospatial data Can standardise encodings to an OGC-friendly one A generic container suitable for all product specifications Capture Process Distribute Use Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium Marine Geopackage Currently the predominant output of global Hydrographic Offices is Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) High Quality vector based feature data to IHO S-57 format Binary encoding, ISO8211. Also comprises incremental updates and external text and image files Marine SDI movement has identified great potential for some of the feature classes contained in ENC data. Currently they are locked into the rest of the ENC features IHO S-100 – same encoding ISO8211, also includes GML profile and HDF5 for surfaces (primarily dense bathymetry) Separates encoding format from sophisticated content catalogue and portrayal mechanisms Separate product specifications for individual marine themes Includes non-geospatial data (information types) Foundation for e-Navigation common maritime data structure (CMDS) For MSDI purposes GeoPackage would provide an ideal encoding for (at least) vector based S-100 datasets for exchange and publishing via web-services Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

Unlocking ENC features. Current encoding of ENC / Vector data is a complex binary format Other elements such as portrayal, catalogues, definitions, encodings are located elsewhere Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium Marine Geopackage What are we seeking to achieve? A “goto-encapsulation” of processed marine vector (and other types in time) data. The ability to encode general marine data in a neutral way and to enable its use with other OGC services Address the needs of the MSDI community. The means to distribute data simply, concisely and with as many added “convenience” factors as possible. A multi-level implementation which can be light-touch or more sophisticated depending on stakeholder needs. An encoding to be endorsed by both the OGC and IHO communities and to serve as a bridge between the two organisations. A test of geopackage’s capabilities in the marine sphere. Copyright © 2018 Open Geospatial Consortium

Marine Geopackage Update Github (https://bit.ly/2U8doTN) Development of feature list Example datasets We need help!  Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium end Questions? :wq! Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium extras Copyright © 2019 Open Geospatial Consortium

Essential Definitions Technology “The relevant base collection of technologies policies institutional arrangements that facilitate the availability of and access to spatial data” Policy Governance Technical Standards Data and Metadata Break it apart. SDI is a “Collection” of different factors which work together These factors work together to make sure spatial data is accessible to those who need it. MSDI – The focus on marine elements in any SDI Governance, Standards, ICT and Content What is “Spatial Data”? Is it different from “Information”? Users “Marine Spatial Data Infrastructure (MSDI)”: MSDI – The focus on marine elements in any SDI Governance, Standards, ICT and Content

A Marine Spatial Data Infrastructure MSDI Users Regional SDI National SDI SDI Access Point Scientific Defence Hydrographic Oceanographic Terrestrial