Lesson Three Inaugural Address 主讲：高福猛

structure Part I (paras.1-5): general declarations Part II (paras. 6-10): to old allies/new states/developing countries/the U.N. Part III (paras. 11-20): to adversaries/enemies Part IV (paras. 21-27): to his fellow countrymen and people all over the world

Part I (paras. 1-5) Para 1. significance of this inauguration 1) a victory of party 2) a celebration of freedom 3) an end 4) a beginning

Part I Para 2 today’s world/present situation Different: development Power to abolish poverty: advanced science and tech used in agriculture, industry, etc. (encouraging side of development) Power to abolish human life: used in making weapons and launching wars. (discouraging side of the development)

Part I Para 3 qualified new generation of America/general policy of the U.S Para 4 strong determination

Part II(paras. 6-10): To whom The pledge Suggestions or warnings old allies new states developing countries the U.N.

Part III(paras. 11-20): Suggestions Sufficient arms Begin anew Civility Sincerity Negotiation Explore problems unite us Formulate proposals for the control of arms Bring wars under control Seek to invoke the wonders of science Explore, conquer, eradicate, tap, encourage Unite Undo the heavy burdens Let the oppressed go free Cooperation Join in creating a new world Elements causing wars Weakness Modern weapons Deadly atom Arms race Fear Problems divide us Terrors of science Jungle of suspicion

Part IV (paras. 21-27): What, how should the Americans do their parts for their country?

Figures of speech antithesis end -- the end of Eisenhower's presidential term beginning -- the beginning of Kennedy’s presidential term renewal ---- the continuation of presidency and office of president change -- the change from Eisenhower to Kennedy (para1)

Figures of speech antithesis United we can do everything. Divided we can do nothing. (para6) instruments of war-- weapons, bombs, for waging wars instruments of peace -- machines, tools for producing goods （para10） Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. (para. 25)

Figures of speech metaphor torch （para3） ideals duty revolution responsibility --- of keeping human rights Tiger (para. 7) ... those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.

Figures of speech alliteration friend and foe（para4） the survival and the success----alliteration（para4） Let the word go forth.....that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans.（para3）

Figures of speech understatement …not because the communists may be doing it… (para. 8)

Figures of speech regression parallelism allusion Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate. （Para14） parallelism Let both sides ×4 （para15-18） allusion One hundred days (para. 20)

Language features 1. The order is clear. Each para. has its own topic. 2. The tone is appropriate. He uses different tone to different people. 3. The style is rigid. It is made beforehand. So it is a sort of written language.

Language features 5.Well organized 4. The language is rhetorical. parallelism, metaphor, antithesis, balanced structure, repetition of words and phrases --- for force, vividness and emotional appeal. 5.Well organized

Language features 6. More repetition in the structure of paragraphs, which gives the address a certain rhythm

Homework: A question to think about Is Kennedy’s argument and persuasion based mainly on facts and logic or on an appeal to emotions?