9C: Minerals as Resources Native Mineral 1)Metals: Veins: metals are normally found in cracks in the rock Placer deposits: minerals erode and wash downstream to be deposited onto beaches Metallic luster Good conductors Remember Native mineral =1 element Can also be found in chunks or nuggets.

9C: Minerals as Resources Uses: Gold (Au): Money, wires, tarnish-proof coatings in electronics, jewelry, art. Silver (Ag): Coins, utensils, best conductor of electricity, photo printing. Copper (Cu): Plumbing, architectural coverings, wires Platinum (Pt): Car catalytic converters, future fuel-cell energy technology

9C: Minerals as Resources 2)Nonmetals Uses: Diamonds (C): Carat: Shows size of stone. (1ct=200mg) Used on drills/bits to cut hard materials Sulfur: Sulfuric acid used in many industrial processes Diamonds most often found in necks of volcanoes. Misconception: Organic: things made of Carbon, well diamond is not from living thing, although it is made of Carbon. Hope Diamond: largest blue diamond in existence.

9C: Minerals as Resources Compound Minerals are divided into families: Remember compound mineral = more than 1 element

9C: Minerals as Resources 1. Silicates: Contains mainly silicon & oxygen More than 90% of earth’s crust Feldspar: Most common silicate Quartz: 2nd most common Uses: glass, jewelry, ceramics, computer chip manufacturing feldspar

9C: Minerals as Resources 2. Oxides: made of oxygen and one other element, usually a metal. Chief resources of major metals used in industry. Hematite

9C: Minerals as Resources 3. Sulfides: minerals made of one or more metals and sulfur. Much like oxides. Galena

9C: Minerals as Resources 4. Carbonates: Minerals containing 1+ metals ions and carbonate ion Many caves are dissolved out of carbonate rocks Uses: Cement, Paper, Steel Calcite, Dolomite

9C: Minerals as Resources 5. Halides: Mineral salt compounds. Most common: Halite (NaCl) CaCl2: Used for ice on roads Uses: Absorbs water from air, fertilizer, photographic chemicals NaCl