Organelles “Tiny Organs” Ch. 7-2

Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance throughout cells. Contains water and nutrients.

Nucleus Largest organelle in eukaryotic cells Contains DNA Controls all cell’s activities

Nucleoplasm Jelly-like substance inside nucleus Similar to cytoplasm of cell Surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus NUCLEOPLASM nucleolus Nuclear envelope Nuclear pores

Nuclear Membrane (Nuclear Envelope) Surrounds the nucleus Controls what gets in/out Allows things in and out through Nuclear Pores NUCLEAR MEMBRANE NUCLEAR PORES

Genetic Material Made of DNA Has directions for making proteins. chromatin chromosome

Nucleolus Circular structure inside nucleus Makes ribosomes nucleolus

Ribosomes Makes proteins according to instructions from DNA Found Free in cytoplasm Attached to Rough ER Attached to nuclear envelope ribosomes

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Usually attached to nuclear envelope Ribosomes attached to it. Transports proteins made by ribosomes Rough ER- ribosomes attached Smooth ER-no ribosomes attached

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Manufactures and transports Lipids. Smooth ER- NO ribosomes attached

Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Bodies) Packages and ships proteins

Lysosomes(animal cells only) Contains enzymes to breakdown waste. “Suicide sacs”-recycles waste.

Vacuoles Plants: a. Stores water. b. Very large Animals: a. Stores carbs., lipids, & proteins b. Small

Mitiochondria Makes energy for cell by breaking down glucose. Very abundant in muscle cells.

Chloroplast(plant cells only) Where Photosynthesis takes place. Makes glucose Contains chlorophyll which absorbs sun’s energy and gives plants their green color.

Cytoskeleton Mesh like material throughout cytoplasm. Supports cell.

Centrioles (animal cells only) Aides in cell division (mitosis) 2 in each cell

Cell Membrane Surrounds cell Regulates what comes in and out of cell. Made of lipids and protein. CELL MEMBRANE

Cell Wall (plant cells only) Tough outer covering. Outside of cell membrane Supports and protects cell.

Cillia Used for movement Hair-like Ex: trachea

Flagella Used for movement Whiplike Ex: Sperm

Eukaryopolis - The City of Animal Cells: Crash Course Biology #4 - YouTube Cell Membrane Endoplasmic Reticulum Nucleus Golgi Body Mitochondria Ribosomes Lysosome