Bellwork: 11/6 Put phone up  Turn in cell packet Grab a new unit book Week 11/5-11/9 Turn in cell packet Grab a new unit book Take out the cell video ?s

Objective Finish the Cell Video Unit III, pt I notes

Today: The Cell Video Choose groups Unit III, pt I

This Week: Monday: The Cell Video Tuesday: Unit III, Pt. I Notes Wednesday: Finish notes, organelle review, poster project Thursday: Poster Friday: Poster

Materials Video ?s Unit III Book

Homework Bring in poster board Due Thursday

Part 1: Cell Structure

Bacterium Plants

Discovery Came with the invention of the microscope Key Findings: Leeuwenhoek (1665) Using a self-made microscope; first person to see living cells Robert Hook (1665) Looking at cork – first to coin term “cell” Robert (1831), Scheiden (1838), Schwann (1839) Collectively showed that plants and animals composed of cells Rudolph Virchow (1855) Cells arise from existing cells – Spontaneous Generation Got credit for Robert Remak’s work

Cell Theory Three principles that all living things follow: All living things are made up of cells Cells are the basic unit of function for all living things New cells arise from pre-existing cells

Exceptions Viruses: non-cellular Chloroplasts & mitochondria: not cells; yet, have their own genetic information & can replicate

Examination of Cells Compound light microscope: Uses a series of lenses to focus visible light rays Visible light rays pass through the specimen Creates a magnified image detected with human eye Magnifies 1000x

Examination of Cells Transmission electron microscope: Magnifies 100,000X Used to examine the internal structure of cells-individual organelles (ex. Mitochondria)

Examination of Cells Scanning electron microscope: Creates a 3-D image on a monitor Used to examine surface topography of a specimen

Features of all Cells Outer membrane: boundary separating inside from outside the cell Cytoplasm: makes up the cell interior Ribosomes: synthesizes proteins DNA: provides instructions for… Making proteins Regulating cell activities Reproduction

Two Cell Types Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell Means “true nucleus” Means “before nucleus”

Prokaryotic Cells Bacteria & Cyanobacteria Considered the simplest cellular organism

Prokaryotic Cell Structure Distinguishing characteristics: Enclosed in an outer membrane No internal membrane-bound organelles Interior is one continuous compartment No nucleus DNA found in the nucleoid region Most prokaryotes contain a cell wall Different composition from plant cells No internal support structure No cytoskeleton Support comes from cell wall

Eukaryotic Cells Found in plants, animals & fungi Divided into 3 regions: Outer membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm Occupies volume between nucleus & outer membrane

Eukaryotic Cell Structure Distinguishing characteristics: Interior compartmentalized Membranous and non-membranous organelles Each have specific functions within the cell Nucleus Membrane-bound organelle that houses the DNA Cell walls limited to certain types Plant cells, some fungi Some protists (ex. Paramecium)

Think-Pair-Share Use a Venn diagram to show how Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells are alike and how they are different Use at least 2 concepts in each compartment of the diagram Be ready to share!!

Eukaryotic Cell Structure Further classified into: Plant cells Animal cells

2 Types of Eukaryotic Cells Animal Cell Distinguishing Characteristics: No cell wall Lysosomes-digestive organelle; breaking down macromolecules and worn-out organelles Centriole-involved in microtubule organization

2 Types of Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cell Distinguishing Characteristics: Has cell wall – also found in fungi & some protists Large central vacuole – involved in storing metabolites and water Plastids – varied functions

Chloroplasts Found in plants & algae Site of photosynthesis Converts sunlight to chemical energy used to synthesize sugars from CO2 and water

Plastids Chloroplasts are a specialized member of a family of organelles called plastids Several specialized types Leucoplast – colorless, synthesizes and stores starch Found in roots and tuber Chromoplast – stores pigments Responsible for color in autumn leaves, fruits and some flowers

Central Vacuole Involved in Storage Holds reserves of organic compounds Stores byproducts that would be toxic to the cell Stores pigments Growth Fills with water that pushes cytoplasm against cell wall If cell wall has capability to loosen, cell wall will expand

Answer ?s in your Note Guide: