SMR Regulators’ Forum Pilot Project Report Mr. Stewart Magruder Regulatory Activities Section Division of Nuclear Installation Safety Department of Nuclear Safety and Security June 2017 Welcome note!

Purpose of Forum Identify, understand and address key regulatory challenges that may emerge in future small modular reactor (SMR) regulatory discussions

Members Canada China Finland France Korea Russia United Kingdom United States

Objectives Share regulatory experience amongst forum members preparing to license SMRs Capture good practices and methods Interact with key stakeholders Propose changes, if necessary to requirements and regulatory practices Kick-off meeting held in March 2015

Structure for Pilot Project Steering Committee Working Groups Graded Approach Defence-in-Depth Emergency Planning Zone Size SC Chair – Debby Jackson – USNRC SC Co-Chair – Karine Herviou - IRSN

Graded Approach Working Group Developed a detailed survey for forum members on national approaches Analyzed survey results and discussed common positions Reviewed IAEA documents and considered recommendations Regulators are either engaging or are preparing to engage with proponents who are preparing safety cases that will involve the use of SMR technologies. These proposals are being anticipated contain safety claims using novel approaches and technologies that will be based on alternate interpretations of existing regulatory requirements or present new safety approaches where regulatory requirements may not exist. This will require both the regulators and the regulated to consider applying a graded approach to confirm novel approaches or technologies being proposed will result in a level of safety commensurate with the risks presented by the proposed activities. The SMR Regulators’ Forum agreed that there is a need to clarify the regulatory view of grading and what this means in the context of addressing novel approaches being proposed for SMRs. Refer to the Terms of Reference for the SMR Regulators’ Forum for a definition of SMR. The starting point for WG discussions will be the IAEA definition of the term; however the survey will attempt to draw out differences from member states.

Graded Approach – Main Findings Graded approach can enhance regulatory efficiency without compromising safety Starting point for SMRs should be requirements for Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) Need to determine what is necessary to demonstrate “proven-ness” IAEA should lead development of technical guidance on graded approach for NPPs

Defence-In-Depth Working Group Identified key regulatory challenges with respect to DiD that may emerge in future SMR regulatory activities. Also developed a detailed survey on national approaches Analyzed survey results and unique features of SMRs Objectives Regarding the application of the concept of Defence-in-Depth to SMRs: Share regulatory experience and views amongst Forum members. Capture good practices and methods and strive to reach a common understanding. Communicate the results of these discussions to the forum members.

Defence-in-Depth – Main Findings Defence-in-depth (DiD)concept should be fundamental for design and safety demonstration of SMRs SMRs raise questions regarding application of DiD in several areas Further guidance to help safety assessment of DiD applied to SMRs is needed

EPZ Size Working Group Established an understanding of each member’s regulatory views on EPZ size Shared technical basis for EPZ size decision Discussed what evidence SMRs would need to present to regulators to justify smaller EPZs Objectives: Share, document and disseminate the collection of the regulatory experiences for licensing and siting for EPZs among forum members. Provide technology-neutral general principles for EPZs. Provide suggestions for revisions to or for the development of new IAEA general requirements or safety guide documents relating to source terms, EPZ and emergency preparedness. Examples of the documents that may be reviewed are: SSR-2/1 GS-R-2 SSG-16 SSR-2/2 GS-G-2.1 NS-R-3   Provide suggestions for changes to international codes and standards. Identify cross-cutting issues that may exist among the DiD, Graded Approach and EPZ Size working groups.  May not need a list of documents. Consider Deleting.

EPZ – Main Findings EPZ is required but may be scalable Novel features and technology IAEA safety requirements and methodology for EPZ size are applicable Same SMR design may result in different EPZ size in different countries Dose criteria Policy factors Public acceptance

Pilot Project Report Summarize accomplishments of the Forum Common positions Working Group reports Recommendations for future activities Will be published as IAEA report in 2017

Next Steps Updating Terms of Reference for Forum Purpose and objectives largely unchanged Deciding on issues for new working groups Open to new members that are able to contribute in a meaningful manner to the working groups Next Steering Committee Meeting 14-17 November 2017

Want to learn more? http://www-ns.iaea.org/tech-areas/safety-infrastructure/smr.asp

Thank you for your attention!